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The binomial coefficients can be arranged to form Pascal's triangle, in which each entry is the sum of the two immediately above. Visualisation of binomial expansion up to the 4th power. In mathematics, the binomial coefficients are the positive integers that occur as coefficients in the binomial theorem.
In elementary algebra, the binomial theorem (or binomial expansion) describes the algebraic expansion of powers of a binomial.According to the theorem, the power (+) expands into a polynomial with terms of the form , where the exponents and are nonnegative integers satisfying + = and the coefficient of each term is a specific positive integer ...
A slight generalization of central binomial coefficients is to take them as (+) (+) = (+,), with appropriate real numbers n, where () is the gamma function and (,) is the beta function. The powers of two that divide the central binomial coefficients are given by Gould's sequence , whose n th element is the number of odd integers in row n of ...
In mathematics, Pascal's triangle is an infinite triangular array of the binomial coefficients which play a crucial role in probability theory, combinatorics, and algebra.In much of the Western world, it is named after the French mathematician Blaise Pascal, although other mathematicians studied it centuries before him in Persia, [1] India, [2] China, Germany, and Italy.
The Gaussian binomial coefficient, written as () or [], is a polynomial in q with integer coefficients, whose value when q is set to a prime power counts the number of subspaces of dimension k in a vector space of dimension n over , a finite field with q elements; i.e. it is the number of points in the finite Grassmannian (,).
In mathematics, Kummer's theorem is a formula for the exponent of the highest power of a prime number p that divides a given binomial coefficient. In other words, it gives the p-adic valuation of a binomial coefficient. The theorem is named after Ernst Kummer, who proved it in a paper, (Kummer 1852).
The following elementary proof was published by Paul Erdős in 1932, as one of his earliest mathematical publications. [3] The basic idea is to show that the central binomial coefficients must have a prime factor within the interval (,) in order to be large enough. This is achieved through analysis of their factorizations.
It states that for positive natural numbers n and k, + = (), where () is a binomial coefficient; one interpretation of the coefficient of the x k term in the expansion of (1 + x) n. There is no restriction on the relative sizes of n and k , [ 1 ] since, if n < k the value of the binomial coefficient is zero and the identity remains valid.