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2. Colored gold - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colored_gold

   Black gold is a type of gold used in jewelry. [13] [14] Black-colored gold can be produced by various methods: Patination by applying sulfur- and oxygen-containing compounds. Plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition process involving amorphous carbon; Controlled oxidation of gold containing chromium or cobalt (e.g. 75% gold, 25% cobalt [3]).

3. Fineness - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fineness

   For example, a gold alloy of 127 ⁄ 128 fineness (that is, 99.2% purity) could have been described as being 23-karat, 3-grain, 1-quart gold. The carat fractional system is increasingly being complemented or superseded by the millesimal system, described above for bullion, though jewelry generally tends to still use the carat system.

4. Soviet jewelry - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_jewelry

   The overwhelming majority of soviet gold jewelry was of rose or red 14 karat gold (583 millesimal fineness). Although gold of other, higher and lower purity, as well as different colors was used in the soviet jewelry production, the 583 millesimal fineness became [when?] the most popular choice, by far.

5. Stuart Sapphire - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuart_Sapphire

   The Stuart Sapphire, set in a hexagonal gold mount, was on the front of Queen Victoria's Crown from 1838 until 1909, when it was relocated to the back.. The Stuart Sapphire is a 104-carat (21 g) blue sapphire that forms part of the British Crown Jewels.

6. Karatmeter - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karatmeter

   Analyzing gold using XRF spectrometers gives the purity of gold, up to 10-12 microns and hence it gives the analysis of coating only. Using this technique, the precise percentage or karat (of karat ) in a solid piece of jewelry can be determined in 30 seconds.

7. BIS hallmark - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIS_hallmark

   The BIS system of hallmarking of gold jewellery began in April 2000. The standard specifications governing this system are IS 1417 (grades of gold and gold alloys, jewellery/artefacts), IS 1418 (assaying of gold in gold bullion, gold alloys and gold jewellery/artefacts), IS 2790 (guidelines for manufacture of 14, 18 and 22 carat gold alloys only ), IS 3095 (gold solders for use in manufacture ...