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The usual criteria for a diagnosis of PM are weakness in muscles of the head, neck, trunk, upper arms or upper legs; raised blood serum concentrations of some muscle enzymes such as creatine kinase; unhealthy muscle changes on electromyography; and biopsy findings of (i) muscle cell degeneration and regeneration and (ii) chronic inflammatory ...
Myositis is a rarely-encountered medical condition characterized by inflammation affecting the muscles. [2] The manifestations of this condition may include skin issues, muscle weakness, and the potential involvement of other organs. [3] Additionally, systemic symptoms like weight loss, fatigue, and low-grade fever can manifest in individuals ...
Inclusion body myositis (IBM) (/ m aɪ oʊ ˈ s aɪ t ɪ s /) (sometimes called sporadic inclusion body myositis, sIBM) is the most common inflammatory muscle disease in older adults. [2] The disease is characterized by slowly progressive weakness and wasting of both proximal muscles (located on or close to the torso ) and distal muscles (close ...
Diagnosis is typically based on some combination of symptoms, blood tests, electromyography, and muscle biopsies. [3] Eighty percent of adults with adult-onset dermatomyositis have a myositis-specific antibody (MSA). [5] Sixty percent of children with juvenile dermatomyositis have a myositis-specific antibody (MSA). [6]
The exact cause is unclear. A combination of consistent findings on physical examination, the presence of anti HMG-CoA reductase antibodies in a person with myopathy, evidence of muscle breakdown, and muscle biopsy diagnose SAAM. [3] Treatment involves stopping the associated statin medication and taking medication to suppress the immune system.
Symptoms tend to worsen with muscle exercise, and often continue after a patient is removed from statin therapy. [1] Common types of myopathy due to statins include myalgia, myositis, and rhabdomyolysis. Statins induce myopathy by inhibiting protein synthesis within the muscle. [6]
Polymyositis and the associated inflammatory myopathies have an associated increased risk of cancer. [3] The features they found associated with an increased risk of cancer were older age, age greater than 45, male sex, difficulty swallowing, death of skin cells, cutaneous vasculitis, rapid onset of myositis (<4 weeks), elevated creatine kinase, higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate and higher ...
In traumatic heterotopic ossification (traumatic myositis ossificans), the patient may complain of a warm, tender, firm swelling in a muscle and decreased range of motion in the joint served by the muscle involved. There is often a history of a blow or other trauma to the area a few weeks to a few months earlier.