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Rotaviruses, noroviruses, adenoviruses, and astroviruses are known to cause viral gastroenteritis. [26] Rotavirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in children, [25] and produces similar rates in both the developed and developing world. [20] Viruses cause about 70% of episodes of infectious diarrhea in the pediatric age group. [13]
The virus is transmitted through oral/fecal contact. Sapovirus commonly occurs in children and infants and therefore is often spread in nurseries and daycares; however, it has also been found in long-term care facilities. [6] This could be due to a lack of personal hygiene and sanitation measures. Common symptoms include diarrhea and vomiting. [7]
Antibiotics will not be effective if the cause of gastroenteritis is a viral infection. Doctors usually do not recommend antidiarrheal medications (e.g., Loperamide) for gastroenteritis because they tend to prolong infection, especially in children. [2] Parasitic infections are difficult to treat. A number of drugs are available once the ...
The 2023-2024 norovirus season is well underway in the United States. Cases of the highly contagious stomach bug, which causes diarrhea and vomiting, are climbing steadily across the country.
The viral particles can be detected in fecal matter within 2 days and peak virus shedding occurs 4–5 days after infection. [30] The virus can be found in the kidney, jejunum, spleen, liver and bursa of infected birds. Symptoms of this disease include diarrhea and weight loss.
Most children admitted to hospital with gastroenteritis are tested for rotavirus. [95] [96] Specific diagnosis of infection with rotavirus is made by finding the virus in the child's stool by enzyme immunoassay. There are several licensed test kits on the market which are sensitive, specific and detect all serotypes of rotavirus. [97]
Cases of norovirus appear to be on the rise in various parts of the U.S., according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. More than 90 norovirus outbreaks were reported ...
Enterocolitis is an inflammation of the digestive tract, involving enteritis of the small intestine and colitis of the colon. [1] It may be caused by various infections, with bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, or other causes.
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