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Turkish or Ottoman illumination refers to non-figurative painted or drawn decorative art found in manuscripts or on sheets in muraqqa. [1] In Turkish it is called “tezhip”, [2] meaning “ornamenting with gold”. The Classical Islamic style of manuscript illumination combines techniques from Turkish, Persian, and Arabic traditions.
Found in the Topkapi Palace in Istanbul, the administrative center of the Ottoman Empire, and believed to date from the late 15th century, the scroll shows a succession of two- and three-dimensional geometric patterns. There is no text, but there is a grid pattern and color-coding used to highlight symmetries and distinguish three-dimensional ...
Ottoman tiles attained a prominent role in decoration. Starting in the early 15th century, cuerda seca tiles in vivid colours were widely used in various buildings, using mostly vegetal arabesque motifs, of which the most dramatic early example is the Green Mosque and Green Tomb in Bursa (circa 1424).
Ottoman art is therefore the dominant element of Turkish art before the 20th century, although the Seljuks and other earlier Turks also contributed. The 16th and 17th centuries are generally recognized as the finest period for art in the Ottoman Empire , much of it associated with the huge Imperial court.
The field is divided by scholars into four types, Arabic, Persian, Mughal (Indian), Ottoman (Turkish). [1] [2] As in the art history of Europe, "miniature" is generally reserved for images including people, with abstract or geometrical decorative schemes on the pages of books called "illumination".
Styles. Islamic; Yemeni; Nabataean; Umayyad; Abbasid; Fatimid; Moorish; Mamluk; Features . Ablaq; Alfiz; Arabesque; Arabic dome; Banna'i; Gardens; Girih; Horseshoe ...
When Ottoman architecture, music, and fine art were modified by Western influences, calligraphy remained untouched. This was likely due to Europe's lack of calligraphic art forms and the master and apprentice system, which preserved established principles that were passed down from one generation to the next.
Ottoman incense burners, city gas lamps, stoves; chandeliers, oil lamps, spirit lamps, acetylene lamps, Byzantine and Roman oil lamps, lanterns from different eras and places, and; hundreds of amazing items for illumination and heating. All are displayed in historical sequence, starting from the discovery of fire one million years ago.