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  2. Treap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treap

    To search for a given key value, apply a standard binary search algorithm in a binary search tree, ignoring the priorities. To insert a new key x into the treap, generate a random priority y for x. Binary search for x in the tree, and create a new node at the leaf position where the binary search determines a node for x should exist.

  3. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    Contents. Python syntax and semantics. The syntax of the Python programming language is the set of rules that defines how a Python program will be written and interpreted (by both the runtime system and by human readers). The Python language has many similarities to Perl, C, and Java.

  4. Comparison of programming languages (string functions ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    String functions are used in computer programming languages to manipulate a string or query information about a string (some do both).. Most programming languages that have a string datatype will have some string functions although there may be other low-level ways within each language to handle strings directly.

  5. Hash table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_table

    In computing, a hash table is a data structure that implements an associative array, also called a dictionary or simply map; an associative array is an abstract data type that maps keys to values. [ 2 ] A hash table uses a hash function to compute an index, also called a hash code, into an array of buckets or slots, from which the desired value ...

  6. List of file formats - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_formats

    PY, PYW – Python code file; PMP – PenguinMod Project; PMS – PenguinMod Sprite; RAR – RAR Rar Archive, for multiple file archive (rar to .r01-.r99 to s01 and so on) RAG, RAGS – Game file, a game playable in the RAGS game-engine, a free program which both allows people to create games, and play games, games created have the format "RAG ...

  7. List of file signatures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_file_signatures

    List of file signatures. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources. This is a list of file signatures, data used to identify or verify the content of a file. Such signatures are also known as magic numbers or Magic Bytes.

  8. Name–value pair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name–value_pair

    A name–value pair, also called an attribute–value pair, keyvalue pair, or field–value pair, is a fundamental data representation in computing systems and applications. Designers often desire an open-ended data structure that allows for future extension without modifying existing code or data. In such situations, all or part of the data ...

  9. Linked list - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linked_list

    A linked list is a sequence of nodes that contain two fields: data (an integer value here as an example) and a link to the next node. The last node is linked to a terminator used to signify the end of the list. In computer science, a linked list is a linear collection of data elements whose order is not given by their physical placement in memory.