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The dire wolf (Aenocyon dirus[10] / iːˈnɒsaɪ.ɒn ˈdaɪrəs /) is an extinct canine. The dire wolf lived in the Americas (with a possible single record also known from East Asia) during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene epochs (125,000–9,500 years ago). The species was named in 1858, four years after the first specimen had been found.
Late Pleistocene wolves were similar in physical size to a large extant grey wolves, but with stronger jaws and teeth. They tended to have short, broad palates with large carnassials relative to their overall skull size. These features suggest a wolf adapted for producing relatively large bite forces.
Illustration of a Pleistocene wolf cranium that was found in Kents Cavern, Torquay, England [ 1 ] It is widely agreed that the evolutionary lineage of the grey wolf can be traced back 2 million years to the Early Pleistocene species Canis etruscus, and its successor the Middle Pleistocene Canis mosbachensis. [ 2 ][ 3 ] The grey wolf Canis lupus ...
Beringia once spanned the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, joining Eurasia to North America. The Beringian wolf is an extinct population of wolf (Canis lupus) that lived during the Ice Age. It inhabited what is now modern-day Alaska, Yukon, and northern British Columbia. Some of these wolves survived well into the Holocene.
Canis mosbachensis is an extinct wolf that inhabited Europe from the late Early Pleistocene to the Middle Pleistocene, around 1.4 million [3] to 400,000 years ago. [4] Canis mosbachensis is widely considered to have descended from the earlier Canis etruscus, and to be the ancestor of the living grey wolf (Canis lupus) [5] with some considering it as a subspecies of the wolf as Canis lupus ...
The Italian wolf (Canis lupus italicus[3][4] or Canis lupus lupus[5]), also known as the Apennine wolf, [6][7] is a subspecies of the grey wolf native to the Italian Peninsula. It inhabits the Apennine Mountains and the Western Alps, though it is undergoing expansion towards the north and east. As of 2022 the wolf population within Italy is ...
Indian plains wolf. Himalayan wolf. The Indian plains wolf[10](Canis lupus pallipes, synonym Canis indica) is formed by 2 closely related female lineage mitochondrial DNA(mDNA) haplotypes[5]that fall within the Canis lupus pallipessubspecies of the gray wolf. It is only found in the arid and semi-arid peninsular plains of India.[5]
Contents. Cave wolf. The cave wolf (Canis lupus spelaeus) is an extinct glacial mammoth steppe -adapted white wolf that lived during the Middle Pleistocene to the Late Pleistocene. It inhabited Europe, where its remains have been found in many caves. Its habitat included the mammoth steppe grasslands and boreal needle forests. [ 6 ]