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A glycogen storage disease(GSD, also glycogenosisand dextrinosis) is a metabolic disordercaused by a deficiency of an enzymeor transport proteinaffecting glycogen synthesis, glycogen breakdown, or glucose breakdown, typically in musclesand/or livercells. [1] GSD has two classes of cause: genetic and environmental.
Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) is an inherited disease that prevents the liver from properly breaking down stored glycogen, which is necessary to maintain adequate blood sugar levels. GSD I is divided into two main types, GSD Ia and GSD Ib, which differ in cause, presentation, and treatment. There are also possibly rarer subtypes, the ...
Clinical manifestations of glycogen storage disease type III are divided into four classes: [3] GSD IIIa, is the most common, (along with GSD IIIb) and which clinically includes muscle and liver involvement; GSD IIIb, which clinically has liver involvement but no muscle involvement; GSD IIIc which clinically affects liver and muscle.
Classic Andersen's disease typically becomes apparent during the first few months after the patient is born. Approximately 1 in 20,000 to 25,000 newborns have a glycogen storage disease. [ 4 ] Andersen's disease affects 1 in 800,000 individuals worldwide, with 3% of all GSDs being type IV. [ 5 ]
Pericarditis refers to inflammation of the thin sac surrounding the heart. The most common symptom is sharp chest pain, which is felt in the middle or left side of the chest or sometimes in the ...
Presentation. [edit] GLUT1 deficiency is characterized by an array of signs and symptoms including mental and motor developmental delays, infantile seizuresrefractory to anticonvulsants, ataxia, dystonia, dysarthria, opsoclonus, spasticity, other paroxysmalneurologic phenomena and sometimes deceleration of head growth also known as microcephaly.
Glycogen storage disease type V (GSD5, GSD-V), [ 1 ] also known as McArdle's disease, [ 2 ] is a metabolic disorder, one of the metabolic myopathies, more specifically a muscle glycogen storage disease, caused by a deficiency of myophosphorylase. [ 3 ][ 4 ] Its incidence is reported as one in 100,000, roughly the same as glycogen storage ...
Endocrinology. Glycogen storage disease type II(GSD-II), also called Pompe disease, and formerly known as GSD-IIa or Limb–girdle muscular dystrophy 2V, is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder [ 1 ] which damages muscle and nerve cells throughout the body.