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The best performance (in terms of thrust efficiency and power-to-thrust ratio) can be obtained using high atomic weight alkali metals, such as cesium (Cs, 133 amu) and rubidium (Rb, 85.5 amu). These propellants have a low ionization potential (3.87 eV for Cs and 4.16 eV for Rb), low melting point (28.7 °C for Cs and 38.9 °C for Rb) and very ...
The first set of units defined using the caesium standard were those relating to time, with the second being defined in 1967 as "the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom" meaning that:
Cs 2 CO 3 + HN 3 → CsN 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O. Caesium sulfate reacts with barium azide to form insoluble barium sulfate and caesium azide: Cs 2 SO 4 + Ba(N 3) 2 → 2CsN 3 + BaSO 4 ↓. The thermal decomposition of CsN 3 in vacuo can be used as a method of generating high purity caesium metal: [5] 2 CsN 3 → 2 Cs + 3 N 2
Caesium iodide or cesium iodide (chemical formula CsI) is the ionic compound of caesium and iodine. It is often used as the input phosphor of an X-ray image intensifier tube found in fluoroscopy equipment.
55 Cs), cesium-137 (US), [7] or radiocaesium, is a radioactive isotope of caesium that is formed as one of the more common fission products by the nuclear fission of uranium-235 and other fissionable isotopes in nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons. Trace quantities also originate from spontaneous fission of uranium-238. It is among the most ...
The SNAPSHOT test included a cesium ion thruster as a secondary payload, the first test of an electrically powered spacecraft propulsion system to operate in orbit (following the SERT-1 suborbital test in 1964). The ion-beam power supply was operated at 4500 V and 80 mA to produce a thrust of about 8.5 mN. [6]
Caesium ozonide is an oxygen-rich chemical compound of caesium, with the chemical formula Cs O 3. It consists of caesium cations Cs + and ozonide anions O − 3. It can be formed by reacting ozone with caesium superoxide: [2] [3] CsO 2 + O 3 → CsO 3 + O 2. The compound reacts strongly with any water in the air forming caesium hydroxide. [3] 4 ...
Ion engine: 1: Cesium: USAF: EOS: Suborbital, experimental test (4 min operation) Snapshot: 3 Apr 1965: Ion engine: 1: Cesium: USAF/Army: EOS: Experimental 1 hour operation, SNAP-10A nuclear reactor Zond 3: 18 Jul 1965: Pulsed plasma thruster: PTFE: Operation of thruster failed Yantar-1: 13 Oct 1966: 13 Oct 1966: Ion engine: Argon: Ballistic ...