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Counterpoises are typically used in antenna systems for radio transmitters where a good earth ground connection cannot be constructed.. Monopole antennas used at low frequencies, below 3 MHz, such as the mast radiator antennas used for AM broadcasting, require the radio transmitter to be electrically connected to the Earth under the antenna; this is called a ground (or earth).
Often random wire antennas are also (inaccurately) referred to as long-wire antennas.There is no accepted minimum size, but actual long-wire antennas must be greater than at least a quarter-wavelength ( 1 / 4 λ) or perhaps greater than a half ( 1 / 2 λ) at the frequency the long wire antenna is used for, and even a half-wave may only be considered "long-ish" rather than "truly ...
A mast radiator or mast antenna is a radio tower or mast in which the whole structure is an antenna. Mast antennas are the transmitting antennas typical for long or medium wave broadcasting. Structurally, the only difference is that some mast radiators require the mast base to be insulated from the ground.
Typical GSM sector antenna outdoor unit. A sector antenna is a type of directional microwave antenna with a sector-shaped radiation pattern.The word "sector" is used in the geometric sense; some portion of the circumference of a circle measured in degrees of arc. 60°, 90° and 120° designs are typical, often with a few degrees 'extra' to ensure overlap and mounted in multiples when wider or ...
Outdoor antennas on the other hand are designed to be mounted on a mast on top of the owner's house, [4] or in a loft or attic where the dry conditions and increased elevation are advantageous for reception and antenna longevity. Outdoor antennas are more expensive and difficult to install but are necessary for adequate reception in fringe ...
The antenna is fed power between the bottom of the mast and ground so it requires a grounding (Earthing) system under the antenna to make contact with the soil to collect the return current. One side of the feedline from the helix house is attached to the mast, and the other side to the ground system.
The folded unipole antenna was first devised for broadcast use by John H. Mullaney, an American radio broadcast pioneer, and consulting engineer. [2] It was designed to solve some difficult problems with existing medium wave (MW), frequency modulation (FM), and amplitude modulation (AM) broadcast antenna installations.
In radio communication, a ground dipole, [1] also referred to as an earth dipole antenna, transmission line antenna, [1] and in technical literature as a horizontal electric dipole (HED), [1] [2] [3] is a huge, specialized type of radio antenna that radiates extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic waves.
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