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Plato analyzes the polis in the Republic, the Greek title of which, Πολιτεία , itself derives from the word polis. The best form of government of the polis for Plato is the one that leads to the common good. The philosopher king is the best ruler because, as a philosopher, he is acquainted with the Form of the Good.
This is an incomplete list of ancient Greek cities, including colonies outside Greece, and including settlements that were not sovereign poleis.Many colonies outside Greece were soon assimilated to some other language but a city is included here if at any time its population or the dominant stratum within it spoke Greek.
A katoikia (Ancient Greek: κατοικία) was similar to a polis, typically a military colony, [2] with some municipal institutions, but not those of a full polis. The word derives from the Ancient Greek: κατοικέω for "to inhabit" (a settlement) and is somewhat similar [citation needed] to the Latin civitas.
Olynthus became a Greek polis, but it remained insignificant (in the quota-lists of the Delian League it appears as paying on the average 2 talents, as compared with 6 to 15 paid by Scione, 6 to 15 by Mende, 6 to 12 by Toroni, and 3 to 6 by Sermylia from 454 to 432).
19th century engraving of the Colossus of Rhodes. Ancient Greek literary sources claim that among the many deities worshipped by a typical Greek city-state (sing. polis, pl. poleis), one consistently held unique status as founding patron and protector of the polis, its citizens, governance and territories, as evidenced by the city's founding myth, and by high levels of investment in the deity ...
Greek democracy created at Athens was direct, rather than representative: any adult male citizen over the age of 20 could take part, [41] and it was a duty to do so. The officials of the democracy were in part elected by the Assembly and in large part chosen by lottery in a process called sortition .
[Note 1] [11] [12] Alexandria, a Greek polis founded by Alexander, became the capital city and a major center of Greek culture, learning, and trade for the next several centuries. Following the Syrian Wars with the Seleucid Empire , a rival Hellenistic state, the Ptolemaic Kingdom expanded its territory to include eastern Libya , the Sinai ...
Western gate of Nicopolis, an example of a new polis created by the synoecism of a number of others, which were left abandoned; i.e., Augustus relocated the populations of the surrounding poleis into a new central polis called "Victory City" to commemorate the naval battle of Actium in 31 BC. The reasons were undoubtedly economic, as the new ...