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In contrast to enlightened self-interest is simple greed, or the concept of "unenlightened self-interest", in which it is argued that when most or all persons act according to their own myopic selfishness, the group suffers loss as a result of conflict, decreased efficiency and productivity because of lack of cooperation, and the increased expense each individual pays for the protection of ...
Antiphilosophy is an opposition to traditional philosophy. [1] [2] It may be characterized as anti-theoretical, critical of a priori justifications, and may see common philosophical problems as misconceptions that are to be dissolved. [3] Common strategies may involve forms of relativism, skepticism, nihilism, or pluralism. [4]
The book covers ethical issues from the perspective of Rand's Objectivist philosophy. Some of its themes include the identification and validation of egoism as a rational code of ethics, the destructiveness of altruism , and the nature of a proper government.
The Philosophy of Peter Abelard. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780511582714. Otten, Willemien (2005). "In Conscience's Court: Abelard's Ethics as a Science of the Self". Virtue and Ethics in the Twelfth Century. Brill. pp. 53– 74. ISBN 9789004143272. Porter, Jean (2000). "Responsibility, Passion, and Sin: A Reassessment of Abelard's Ethics".
According to Aristotle, how to lead a good life is one of the central questions of ethics. [1]Ethics, also called moral philosophy, is the study of moral phenomena. It is one of the main branches of philosophy and investigates the nature of morality and the principles that govern the moral evaluation of conduct, character traits, and institutions.
Antitheism has been adopted as a label by those who regard theism as dangerous, destructive, or encouraging of harmful behavior. Christopher Hitchens (2001) [6] wrote: . I'm not even an atheist so much as I am an antitheist; I not only maintain that all religions are versions of the same untruth, but I hold that the influence of churches, and the effect of religious belief, is positively harmful."
A self-refuting idea or self-defeating idea is an idea or statement whose falsehood is a logical consequence of the act or situation of holding them to be true. Many ideas are called self-refuting by their detractors, and such accusations are therefore almost always controversial, with defenders stating that the idea is being misunderstood or that the argument is invalid.
Rational egoism (also called rational selfishness) is the principle that an action is rational if and only if it maximizes one's self-interest. [1] [2] As such, it is considered a normative form of egoism, [3] though historically has been associated with both positive and normative forms. [4]