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The Automatic Depressurization System (ADS) consists of a series of valves which open to vent steam several feet under the surface of a large pool of liquid water (known as the wetwell or torus) in pressure suppression type containments (typically used in boiling water reactor designs), or directly into the primary containment structure in ...
GE Energy ESBWR website; Status report 100 - Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor (ESBWR) [permanent dead link ], ARIS, IAEA, 01-08-2011; POWER magazine article on the ESBWR Archived 2011-10-02 at the Wayback Machine; NRC ESBWR Overview page; ESBWR Probabilistic Risk Assessment; ESBWR Design Control Document, Rev. 10
The Reactor Protection System (RPS) is a system, computerized in later BWR models, that is designed to automatically, rapidly, and completely shut down and make safe the Nuclear Steam Supply System (NSSS – the reactor pressure vessel, pumps, and water/steam piping within the containment) if some event occurs that could result in the reactor entering an unsafe operating condition.
When the IC system is activated, a valve at the bottom of the IC condenser is opened which connects to a lower area on the reactor. The water falls to the reactor via gravity, allowing the condenser to fill with steam, which then condenses. This cycle runs continuously until the bottom valve is closed. [2]
BWR Type 2 (BWR-2, BWR/2): Introduced in 1963, >500 MW e, typically around 650 MW e gross (Oyster Creek, Nine Mile Point 1). [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Included a large direct cycle. 5 recirculation loops, variable speed external recirculation pumps (one pump per loop, each pump's flow rate could be varied from 6,400 to 32,000 US gallons per minute (0.40 to 2 ...
Passive nuclear safety is a design approach for safety features, implemented in a nuclear reactor, that does not require any active intervention on the part of the operator or electrical/electronic feedback in order to bring the reactor to a safe shutdown state, in the event of a particular type of emergency (usually overheating resulting from a loss of coolant or loss of coolant flow).
In normal operation, the control rods are only used to keep a homogeneous power distribution in the reactor and to compensate for the consumption of the fuel, while the power is controlled through the water flow (see below). [2] Some early BWRs and the proposed ESBWR (Economic Simplified BWR made by General Electric Hitachi) designs use only ...
An automatic PSD typically isolates the system by shutdown isolation valves, thus bringing it to a safe state before the process parameters, such as level, temperature or pressure, exit the system safe design envelope. Its inputs are critical process signals from the likes of pressure and temperature transmitters, which must be separate from ...