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The crash landing sites themselves are of interest to space archeology. Luna 1 , not itself a lunar orbiter, was the first spacecraft designed as an impactor . It failed to hit the Moon in 1959, however, thus inadvertently becoming the first man-made object to leave geocentric orbit and enter a heliocentric orbit , where it remains.
This is a list of all spacecraft landings on other planets and bodies in the Solar System, including soft landings and both intended and unintended hard impacts.The list includes orbiters that were intentionally crashed, but not orbiters which later crashed in an unplanned manner due to orbital decay.
Kennedy Space Center, US: 1: Pad worker William B. Estes, 46, was killed while hooking up an 8-inch (20 cm) high-pressure water line, which should not have been pressurized at the time, to the mobile Service structure on Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A. The cap blew off with 180 psi pressure, striking him in the chest and killing him.
On April 24, the single pilot of Soyuz 1, Vladimir Komarov, was killed in a crash when his landing parachutes tangled, after a mission cut short by electrical and control system problems. Both accidents were determined to be caused by design defects in the spacecraft, which were corrected before crewed flights resumed.
In 1948 Hughes created a new division of Hughes Aircraft: the Hughes Aerospace Group. The Hughes Space and Communications Group and the Hughes Space Systems Division were later spun off in 1948 to form their own divisions and ultimately became the Hughes Space and Communications Company in 1961. In 1953 Howard Hughes gave all his stock in the ...
Voyager 1 · Jupiter · Io · Europa · Ganymede · Callisto The trajectory of Voyager 1 through the Jupiter system. Voyager 1 began photographing Jupiter in January 1979. Its closest approach to Jupiter was on March 5, 1979, at a distance of about 349,000 kilometres (217,000 miles) from the planet's center. [37]
In modern times, numerous impact events on Jupiter have been observed, the most significant of which was the collision of Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 in 1994. Jupiter is the most massive planet in the Solar System and thus has a vast sphere of gravitational influence, the region of space where an asteroid capture can take place under favorable ...
The spacecraft was expected to last for at least five years—long enough to reach Jupiter and perform its mission. [14] Launch of Space Shuttle Atlantis on STS-34, carrying Galileo into Earth orbit. On December 19, 1985, it departed the JPL in Pasadena, California, on the first leg of its journey, a road trip to the Kennedy Space Center in ...