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  2. Penal exception clause - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_exception_clause

    In the United States, the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits slavery and involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for a crime of which one has been convicted. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In the latter 2010s, a movement has emerged to repeal the exception clause from both the federal and state constitutions.

  3. Penal labor in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penal_labor_in_the_United...

    The widespread enforcement of Black Code laws effectively used the 13th amendment's exception of penal labor to reinvent the chattel slavery economy and society to comply with federal law. Prison labor in the Reconstruction era (1866–1877)

  4. 5 States Voting On 'Slavery Loophole' Ballot Amendments

    www.aol.com/5-states-voting-slavery-loophole...

    Voters in five states will vote on whether to eliminate language in their state constitutions that allow slavery and involuntary servitude as criminal punishment in prisons. It's an exception that ...

  5. Convict leasing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convict_leasing

    Despite the passage of the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1864. The amendment providers in relevant part “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction”.

  6. Proposition 6, which would end mandatory prison labor, trails

    www.aol.com/news/proposition-6-end-mandatory...

    Proposition 6, a proposed amendment that would end forced labor in state prisons, was trailing in early results Tuesday night. The measure would eliminate "involuntary servitude" from the state ...

  7. 2016 U.S. prison strike - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_U.S._prison_strike

    The issues behind the prison strike included unfair use of prison labor, poor wages, and unsatisfying living conditions. [3] The main goal of the strike was to end constitutional servitude, that is, prison slavery to which inmates are subjected. [4] Despite the high number of striking prisoners, the strike received little mainstream media ...

  8. Editorial: California voters rejected an anti-slavery measure ...

    www.aol.com/news/editorial-california-voters...

    The Legislature should pass a bill to remove mandatory work from the Penal Code that doesn't rely on a constitutional amendment. While the Constitution allows forced labor in prison, it is the ...

  9. Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirteenth_Amendment_to...

    The Thirteenth Amendment (Amendment XIII) to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.The amendment was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, by the House of Representatives on January 31, 1865, and ratified by the required 27 of the then 36 states on December 6, 1865, and proclaimed on December 18.