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In the year before the First Council of Constantinople in 381, Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire when Theodosius I, emperor of the East, Gratian, emperor of the West, and Gratian's junior co-ruler Valentinian II issued the Edict of Thessalonica in 380, [1] which recognized the catholic orthodoxy [a] of Nicene Christians as the Roman Empire's state religion.
One of the main legacies of Rome to Georgia is the Christian faith. Indeed, Christianity, first preached by the Apostles Simon and Andrew in the 1st century, became the state religion of Caucasian Iberia in 327, making Georgia one of the earliest Christian countries in the world. [8] [9]
c. 319 – Christianization of Iberia (Georgia) [3] [4] [5] c. 325 – Kingdom of Aksum (Ethiopian Orthodox Church) 337 – Roman Empire (baptism of Constantine I) 361 – Rome returns to paganism under Julian the Apostate; 364 – Rome returns to Christianity, specifically the Arian Church; c. 364 – Vandals (Arian Church)
As a Christian state, Armenia "embraced Christianity as the religion of the King, the nobles, and the people". [3] In 326, according to official tradition of the Georgian Orthodox Church, following the conversion of Mirian and Nana, the country of Georgia became a Christian state, the Emperor Constantine the Great sending clerics for baptising ...
Pre-Christian Georgia was religiously diverse, the religions practiced in ancient Georgia include local pagan beliefs, various Hellenistic cults (mainly in Colchis), [6] Mithraism and Zoroastrianism. [7] The adoption of Christianity was to place Georgia permanently on the front line of conflict between the Islamic and Christian worlds.
The law of 8 November 392 has been described by some as the universal ban on paganism that made Christianity the official religion of the empire. [118] [119] The law was addressed only to Rufinus in the East, it makes no mention of Christianity, and it focuses on practices of private domestic sacrifice: the lares, the penates and the genius.
Despite enjoying considerable popular support, Christianity was still not the official state religion in Rome, although it was in some neighboring states such as Armenia, Iberia, and Aksum. [citation needed] Roman religion (Neoplatonic Hellenism) was restored for a time by the Emperor Julian from 361 to 363.
In Bulgaria Christianity had come and gone and come back again when, in 863, Khan Boris (r. 852–89) worked out a peace treaty with Byzantium accepting Christianity as the official religion of his realm. [244] While Romanian Christianity probably originated in the third century, the Romanians also adopted the Slavic-Byzantine rite in the tenth ...