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In the mathematical field of graph theory, a complete bipartite graph or biclique is a special kind of bipartite graph where every vertex of the first set is connected to every vertex of the second set. [1] [2] Graph theory itself is typically dated as beginning with Leonhard Euler's 1736 work on the Seven Bridges of Königsberg.
A complete bipartite graph with m = 5 and n = 3 The Heawood graph is bipartite. In the mathematical field of graph theory, a bipartite graph (or bigraph) is a graph whose vertices can be divided into two disjoint and independent sets and , that is, every edge connects a vertex in to one in .
In graph theory, a clique (/ ˈ k l iː k / or / ˈ k l ɪ k /) is a subset of vertices of an undirected graph such that every two distinct vertices in the clique are adjacent. That is, a clique of a graph G {\displaystyle G} is an induced subgraph of G {\displaystyle G} that is complete .
In graph theory, a star S k is the complete bipartite graph K 1,k : a tree with one internal node and k leaves (but no internal nodes and k + 1 leaves when k ≤ 1). Alternatively, some authors define S k to be the tree of order k with maximum diameter 2; in which case a star of k > 2 has k − 1 leaves. A star with 3 edges is called a claw.
A bipartite graph with 4 vertices on each side, 13 edges, and no , subgraph, and an equivalent set of 13 points in a 4 × 4 grid, showing that (;).. The number (;) asks for the maximum number of edges in a bipartite graph with vertices on each side that has no 4-cycle (its girth is six or more).
A graph is planar if it contains as a minor neither the complete bipartite graph K 3,3 (see the Three-cottage problem) nor the complete graph K 5. A similar problem, the subdivision containment problem, is to find a fixed graph as a subdivision of a given graph.
In graph theory, the Graham–Pollak theorem states that the edges of an -vertex complete graph cannot be partitioned into fewer than complete bipartite graphs. [1] It was first published by Ronald Graham and Henry O. Pollak in two papers in 1971 and 1972 (crediting Hans Witsenhausen for a key lemma), in connection with an application to ...
The smallest 1-crossing cubic graph is the complete bipartite graph K 3,3, with 6 vertices. The smallest 2-crossing cubic graph is the Petersen graph, with 10 vertices. The smallest 3-crossing cubic graph is the Heawood graph, with 14 vertices. The smallest 4-crossing cubic graph is the Möbius-Kantor graph, with 16 vertices.