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New walls and forts were built when the city of Rattanakosin replaced Thonburi in 1782, which were mostly removed and replaced in the second half of the 19th century in order to accommodate the expanding city. Today, four of the city's defensive forts remain, along with two short sections of the Rattanakosin city wall and one of the city gates.
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Phra Sumen Road (Thai: ถนนพระสุเมรุ) is a 1.3 km (0.8 mi) long road that runs through the Bangkok's old town zone known as "Rattanakosin Island". It was named after the fort that was built since the King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I)'s reign, when he planted Bangkok to be the new capital in 1782.
As time went on, the forts were demolished, but with their names still used for the streets and places around Rattanakosin Island. For Fort Phra Chan, in addition to being the name of the quarter, there is small road in form of soi Phra Chan Road (ถนนพระจันทร์). This road is one of the oldest in Bangkok.
Bangkok, [a] officially known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon [b] and colloquially as Krung Thep, [c] is the capital and most populous city of Thailand.The city occupies 1,568.7 square kilometres (605.7 sq mi) in the Chao Phraya River delta in central Thailand and has an estimated population of 9.0 million as of 2021, 13% of the country's population.
–Phra Arthit Fort or Phra Sumen Fort was built in 1783 A.D. or 2326 B.E. in the reign of King Rama I. It is only one of fourteen forts left today. The purpose of building this fort is for protecting the city from the enemies. [4] During that time, the king decided to build a number of fortifications to protect Bangkok.
English: Map of the city of Bangkok, ca 1914 (1:50,000), incl. an inserted small map showing the course of the Mae Nam river down to its mouth (1:500,000). Labelled in English. Labelled in English. Deutsch: Plan der Stadt Bangkok, etwa 1914 (1:50.000), sowie beigefügtes Kärtchen mit dem Menam-Lauf bis zur Mündung (1:500.000).
The center of Bangkok, marked by the city pillar shrine (lak mueang), is in the district. Also surrounding the large open space of the Sanam Luang are the Grand Palace and Wat Phra Kaew , the National Museum in the former palace of the Vice King , and the main campus of Thammasat University as well as Silpakorn University .