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At each cervical level, the vertebral artery sends branches to the surrounding musculature via the anterior spinal arteries. Segments of vertebral artery anterior projection. The vertebral artery may be divided into four parts: The first (preforaminal) part runs upward and backward between the anterior scalene and the longus colli muscles.
Cervical spinal nerve 4, also called C4, is a spinal nerve of the cervical segment. It originates from the spinal cord above the 4th cervical vertebra (C4). It contributes nerve fibers to the phrenic nerve , the motor nerve to the thoracoabdominal diaphragm .
A filament from the branch to the Obliquus capitis inferior joins the posterior division of the second cervical nerve. The nerve occasionally gives off a cutaneous branch which accompanies the occipital artery to the scalp, and communicates with the greater and lesser occipital nerves.
The SCG receives pre-ganglionic sympathetic afferents from the ciliospinal center which synapse in the ganglion. Post-ganglionic efferents then leave the SCG and join the internal carotid nerve plexus of the internal carotid artery, accompanying first this artery and subsequently its branches to reach the orbit and ultimately innervate the dilator pupillae muscle to mediate pupillary dilatation.
The ansa cervicalis (or ansa hypoglossi in older literature [citation needed]) is a loop formed by muscular branches of the cervical plexus formed by branches of cervical spinal nerves C1-C3. The ansa cervicalis has two roots - a superior root (formed by branch of C1) and an inferior root (formed by union of branches of C2 and C3) - that unite ...
The scalene muscles are a group of three muscles on each side of the neck, identified as the anterior, the middle, and the posterior. They are innervated by the third to the eighth cervical spinal nerves (C3-C8). The anterior and middle scalene muscles lift the first rib and bend the neck to the side they are on. The posterior scalene lifts the ...
Spinal nerve Typical spinal nerve location. Each spinal nerve is a mixed nerve, formed from the combination of nerve root fibers from its dorsal and ventral roots. The dorsal root is the afferent sensory root and carries sensory information to the brain. The ventral root is the efferent motor root and carries motor information from the brain.
The sensory branches of spinal nerves include: lesser occipital, C-2, great auricular, (C-2 and C-3); transverse cervical, C-2 and C-3; and supraclavicular, C-3 and C-4. These nerve groups transmit afferent (sensory) information from the scalp, neck, and shoulders to the brain. The motor branches of spinal nerves include: ansa cervicalis ...