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Four numbering schemes for the uniform polyhedra are in common use, distinguished by letters: [C] Coxeter et al., 1954, showed the convex forms as figures 15 through 32; three prismatic forms, figures 33–35; and the nonconvex forms, figures 36–92.
Vertex the (n−5)-face of the 5-polytope; Edge the (n−4)-face of the 5-polytope; Face the peak or (n−3)-face of the 5-polytope; Cell the ridge or (n−2)-face of the 5-polytope; Hypercell or Teron the facet or (n−1)-face of the 5-polytope
There is a third topological polyhedral figure with 5 faces, degenerate as a polyhedron: it exists as a spherical tiling of digon faces, called a pentagonal hosohedron with Schläfli symbol {2,5}. It has 2 ( antipodal point ) vertices, 5 edges, and 5 digonal faces.
For example a tetrahedron is a polyhedron with four faces, a pentahedron is a polyhedron with five faces, a hexahedron is a polyhedron with six faces, etc. [29] For a complete list of the Greek numeral prefixes see Numeral prefix § Table of number prefixes in English, in the column for Greek cardinal numbers.
Face, a 2-dimensional element; Cell, a 3-dimensional element; Hypercell or Teron, a 4-dimensional element; Facet, an (n-1)-dimensional element; Ridge, an (n-2)-dimensional element; Peak, an (n-3)-dimensional element; For example, in a polyhedron (3-dimensional polytope), a face is a facet, an edge is a ridge, and a vertex is a peak.
A regular polyhedron is identified by its Schläfli symbol of the form {n, m}, where n is the number of sides of each face and m the number of faces meeting at each vertex. There are 5 finite convex regular polyhedra (the Platonic solids ), and four regular star polyhedra (the Kepler–Poinsot polyhedra ), making nine regular polyhedra in all.
A pentagonal pyramid has six vertices, ten edges, and six faces. One of its faces is pentagon, a base of the pyramid; five others are triangles. [2] Five of the edges make up the pentagon by connecting its five vertices, and the other five edges are known as the lateral edges of the pyramid, meeting at the sixth vertex called the apex. [3]
Because K 5 is a polyhedron only with vertices in which 3 edges come together it is possible for a hydrocarbon to exist (similar to the Platonic hydrocarbons) whose chemical structure is represented by the skeleton of K 5. [6] This "associahedrane" C 14 H 14 would have the SMILES notation: C12-C3-C4-C1-C5-C6-C2-C7-C3-C8-C4-C5-C6-C78. Its edges ...