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Aerobic respiration requires oxygen (O 2) in order to create ATP. Although carbohydrates , fats and proteins are consumed as reactants , aerobic respiration is the preferred method of pyruvate production in glycolysis , and requires pyruvate to the mitochondria in order to be oxidized by the citric acid cycle .
d -Glucose + 2 [NAD] + + 2 [ADP] + 2 [P] i 2 × Pyruvate 2 × + 2 [NADH] + 2 H + + 2 [ATP] + 2 H 2 O Glycolysis pathway overview The use of symbols in this equation makes it appear unbalanced with respect to oxygen atoms, hydrogen atoms, and charges. Atom balance is maintained by the two phosphate (P i) groups: Each exists in the form of a hydrogen phosphate anion, dissociating to contribute ...
The ratio is determined by comparing exhaled gases to room air. Measuring this ratio is equal to RQ only at rest or during mild to moderate aerobic exercise without the accumulation of lactate. The loss of accuracy during more intense anaerobic exercise is among others due to factors including the bicarbonate buffer system.
During normal aerobic respiration the ratio would be somewhere between these values, as the TCA cycle produces both NADH and ubiquinol. The resulting P/O ratio would be the ratio of H/O and H/P; which is 10/3.67 or 2.73 for NADH-linked respiration, and 6/3.67 or 1.64 for UQH2-linked respiration, with actual values being somewhere between.
In physiology, respiration is the transport of oxygen from the outside environment to the cells within tissues, and the removal of carbon dioxide in the opposite direction to the environment by a respiratory system. [1]
Glycolysis, which means “sugar splitting,” is the initial process in the cellular respiration pathway. Glycolysis can be either an aerobic or anaerobic process. When oxygen is present, glycolysis continues along the aerobic respiration pathway. If oxygen is not present, then ATP production is restricted to anaerobic respiration.
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The reaction for the aerobic respiration is essentially the reverse of photosynthesis, except that now there is a large release of chemical energy which is stored in ATP molecules (up to 38 ATP molecules are formed from one molecule of glucose and 6 O 2 molecules). The simplified version of this reaction is: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 → 6 CO 2 + 6 H