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Microhematuria, also called microscopic hematuria (both usually abbreviated as MH), is a medical condition in which urine contains small amounts of blood; the blood quantity is too low to change the color of the urine (otherwise, it is known as gross hematuria).
Hematuria can be classified according to visibility, anatomical origin, and timing of blood during urination. [1] [6]In terms of visibility, hematuria can be visible to the naked eye (termed "gross hematuria") and may appear red or brown (sometimes referred to as tea-colored), or it can be microscopic (i.e. not visible but detected with a microscope or laboratory test).
Microscopic hematuria is sometimes observed in healthy people after exercise [98] or as a consequence of contamination of the sample with menstrual blood. [97] Pathologic causes of hematuria are diverse and include trauma to the urinary tract, kidney stones , urinary tract infections , drug toxicity , genitourinary cancers, and a variety of ...
Hematuria (one of the symptoms of Nephritic syndrome Historically, nephritic syndrome has been characterized by blood in the urine ( hematuria ), high blood pressure ( hypertension ), decreased urine output <400 ml/day ( oliguria ), red blood cell casts , pyuria , and mild to moderate proteinuria .
Most patients have been reported to have gross or microscopic hematuria. [8] Significantly increased serum lactate dehydrogenase levels and proteinuria may also be observed. [7] Renal angiography is still the gold standard, but CT renal angiography, CT angiography, and DMSA radioisotope scan can also be used to establish the diagnosis. [4]
Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis often presents with hematuria (gross or microscopic) or nephrotic syndrome. [2] Presentation can also include asymptomatic proteinuria. [2] These presenting symptoms are relatively non-specific and are often seen in other glomerular disorders.
The Paris System for reporting urine cytology, version 2.0, ranging from negative to positive for high grade urothelial carcinoma. [1]Urine cytology is a test that looks for abnormal cells in urine under a microscope.
Urine testing can be performed to detect microscopic levels of hematuria. Protein is also commonly found in the urine of patients with LPHS. Kidney biopsies are sometimes performed to look for evidence of glomerular hematuria, excess red blood cells in the kidney tubules, and to assess the width of the glomerular basement membrane. [4]