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XPath (XML Path Language) is an expression language designed to support the query or transformation of XML documents. It was defined by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in 1999, [1] and can be used to compute values (e.g., strings, numbers, or Boolean values) from the content of an XML document.
XPointer is a system for addressing components of XML-based Internet media. It is divided among four specifications: a "framework" that forms the basis for identifying XML fragments, a positional element addressing scheme, a scheme for namespaces, and a scheme for XPath-based addressing.
Nodes are of seven kinds, corresponding to different constructs in the syntax of XML: elements, attributes, text nodes, comments, processing instructions, namespace nodes, and document nodes. (The document node replaces the root node of XPath 1.0, because the XPath 2.0 model allows trees to be rooted at other kinds of node, notably elements.)
XQuery provides the means to extract and manipulate data from XML documents or any data source that can be viewed as XML, such as relational databases [9] or office documents. XQuery contains a superset of XPath expression syntax to address specific parts of an XML document.
XMLStarlet is a set of command line utilities (toolkit) to query, transform, validate, and edit XML documents and files using a simple set of shell commands in a way similar to how it is done with UNIX grep, sed, awk, diff, patch, join, etc commands.
XML documents have a hierarchical structure and can conceptually be interpreted as a tree structure, called an XML tree. XML documents must contain a root element (one that is the parent of all other elements). All elements in an XML document can contain sub elements, text and attributes. The tree represented by an XML document starts at the ...
Ranking in XML-Retrieval can incorporate both content relevance and structural similarity, which is the resemblance between the structure given in the query and the structure of the document. Also, the retrieval units resulting from an XML query may not always be entire documents, but can be any deeply nested XML elements, i.e. dynamic documents.
[4] [5] Version 4.1, released in 2001, added the capability to create XML schemas. [6] The 5.0 version of the program was released in 2002, adding a XSLT processor, XSLT debugger, a WSDL editor, HTML importer, and a Java as well as C++ generator. The version's XML document editor was redesigned to allow for easier use by businesses. [7]