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Today the pad is fenced off, preventing visitors from walking beneath the pad or getting close enough to read the memorial plaques. Apollo 1 plaque at LC-34. After the decommissioning of LC-34, the umbilical tower and service structure were razed, leaving only the launch platform standing at the center of the pad.
The launch simulation on January 27, 1967, on pad 34, was a "plugs-out" test to determine whether the spacecraft would operate nominally on (simulated) internal power while detached from all cables and umbilicals. Passing this test was essential to making the February 21 launch date.
Apollo boilerplate command modules were used for tests of the launch escape system (LES) jettison tower rockets and procedures: BP-6 with Pad Abort Test-1 – LES pad abort test from launch pad; with photo. [citation needed] BP-23A with Pad Abort Test-2 – LES pad abort test of near Block-I CM; with photo. [citation needed]
The crew entered the spacecraft at 13:00 on January 27, mounted atop its Saturn IB booster on Launch Pad 34 at Cape Kennedy, for a "plugs-out" test of the spacecraft. [5] The test was to demonstrate all of the space vehicle systems and procedures, which included an abbreviated countdown and flight simulation.
Apollo Pad Abort Test 2. The Apollo program included several pad abort tests for the launch escape system with a boilerplate crew module. Pad Abort Test-1 was conducted on November 7, 1963, and; Pad Abort Test-2 was conducted on June 29, 1965. Both tests were conducted at the White Sands Missile Range.
A "plugs-out" test was planned for January, which would simulate a launch countdown on LC-34 with the spacecraft transferring from pad-supplied to internal power. If successful, this would be followed by a more rigorous countdown simulation test closer to the February 21 launch, with both spacecraft and launch vehicle fueled. [91]
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The concept was first tested in a pad abort test conducted at SLC-40, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, on May 6, 2015. [7] SpaceX tested the system on January 19, 2020, during a full-scale simulation of a Falcon 9 rocket malfunction at Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39, where it has later launched crews to the International Space Station. [8]