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When underwater, the animal is essentially holding its breath and has to routinely return to the surface to breathe in new air. Therefore, all amniote animals, even those that spend more time in water than out, are susceptible to drowning if they cannot reach the surface to breath.
Aquatic animals generally conduct gas exchange in water by extracting dissolved oxygen via specialised respiratory organs called gills, through the skin or across enteral mucosae, although some are evolved from terrestrial ancestors that re-adapted to aquatic environments (e.g. marine reptiles and marine mammals), in which case they actually ...
The physiology of underwater diving is the physiological adaptations to diving of air-breathing vertebrates that have returned to the ocean from terrestrial lineages. They are a diverse group that include sea snakes , sea turtles , the marine iguana , saltwater crocodiles , penguins , pinnipeds , cetaceans , sea otters , manatees and dugongs .
A semiaquatic lizard called a diving anole produces a special bubble atop its head to breathe underwater and avoid predators on land, according to research.
Recreational breath-hold divers in basic equipment with floats and catch bags suitable for collecting lobster or shellfish. The ability to dive and swim underwater while holding one's breath is considered a useful emergency skill, an important part of water sport and Navy safety training, and an enjoyable leisure activity. [38]
In cetology, the study of whales and other cetaceans, a blowhole is the hole (or spiracle) at the top of the head through which the animal breathes air. In baleen whales , these are in pairs. It is homologous with the nostril of other mammals , and evolved via gradual movement of the nostrils to the top of the head. [ 1 ]
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Kate Winslet, who held her breath underwater for 7 minutes and 14 seconds while filming "Avatar: The Way of Water," said the feat involved both physical and mental conditioning.