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1669 — Honoré Fabri suggested using a temperature scale by dividing into 8 equal parts the interval between "greatest heat of summer" and melting snow. [ 3 ] 1676 to 1679 — Edme Mariotte conducted experiments that under the French Academy of Science ’s Paris Observatory , resulting in wide adoption of temperatures of deep cellars as a ...
1842 – Mayer makes a connection between work, heat, and the human metabolism based on his observations of blood made while a ship's surgeon; he calculates the mechanical equivalent of heat 1842 – William Robert Grove demonstrates the thermal dissociation of molecules into their constituent atoms, by showing that steam can be disassociated ...
Principle of a thermoscope. The air in the bulb expands at higher temperatures, which lowers the liquid level in the tube. Devices employing both heat and pressure were common during Galileo's time, used for fountains, nursing, or bleeding in medicine. [3]
1607 – Galileo Galilei constructs a thermoscope. Not only did this device measure temperature, but it represented a paradigm shift. Up to this point, heat and cold were believed to be qualities of Aristotle's elements (fire, water, air, and earth). Note: There is some controversy about who actually built this first thermoscope.
The history of thermodynamics is a fundamental strand in the history of physics, the history of chemistry, and the history of science in general. Due to the relevance of thermodynamics in much of science and technology, its history is finely woven with the developments of classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, magnetism, and chemical kinetics, to more distant applied fields such as ...
Airflow increases the rate of heat transfer from or to the body, resulting in a larger change in body temperature for the same ambient temperature. The theoretical basis for thermometers is the zeroth law of thermodynamics which postulates that if you have three bodies, A, B and C, if A and B are at the same temperature, and B and C are at the ...
The following is a timeline of low-temperature technology and cryogenic technology (refrigeration down to close to absolute zero, i.e. –273.15 °C, −459.67 °F or 0 K). [1] It also lists important milestones in thermometry , thermodynamics , statistical physics and calorimetry , that were crucial in development of low temperature systems.
There are several types of timeline articles. Historical timelines show the significant historical events and developments for a specific topic, over the course of centuries or millennia. Graphical timelines provide a visual representation for the timespan of multiple events that have a particular duration, over the course of centuries or ...