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Choriocarcinoma of the placenta during pregnancy is preceded by: hydatidiform mole (50% of cases) spontaneous abortion (20% of cases) ectopic pregnancy (2% of cases) normal term pregnancy (20–30% of cases) hyperemesis gravidarum; Rarely, choriocarcinoma occurs in primary locations other than the placenta; very rarely, it occurs in testicles.
Call–Exner bodies marked with black circles in an intermediate-high magnification micrograph of a granulosa cell tumour, a type of sex cord stromal tumour.H&E stain. ...
A micrograph showing a choriocarcinoma spread to the lung [13] Choriocarcinomas are exceptionally rare which account for 2.1%-3.4% of all OGCTs. [ 14 ] Under gross examination, the syncytiotrophoblast cells are aligned in a plexiform arrangement with the mononucleated cytotrophoblast cells surrounding the foci of the hemorrhage. [ 1 ]
The exact pathogenesis of choriocarcinoma has not been fully understood, but studies have shown cytotrophoblast cells function as stem cells and transform into malignant form. The neoplastic cytotrophoblast further differentiates into either intermediate trophoblasts or syncytiotrophoblast. [citation needed]
Gestational choriocarcinoma is a form of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, which is a type of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), that can occur during pregnancy. It is a rare disease where the trophoblast , a layer of cells surrounding the blastocyst , undergoes abnormal developments, leading to trophoblastic tumors .
Embryonal carcinomas, a rare tumor type usually found in mixed tumors, develop directly from germ cells but are not terminally differentiated; in rare cases, they may develop in dysgenetic gonads. They can develop further into a variety of other neoplasms, including choriocarcinoma, yolk sac tumor, and teratoma.
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Immunohistochemistry often shows positive staining for hPL, [4] [5] keratin, [5] Mel-CAM, [5] and EGFR., [4] This immunohistochemical profile, particularly the strong positivity for hPL and Mel-CAM, along with the negative or focal staining for β-hCG and p63, helps distinguish PSTT from other types of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia such as choriocarcinoma and epithelioid trophoblastic ...