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Arsinoë IV (Ancient Greek: Ἀρσινόη; between 68 and 63 BC – 41 BC) was the fourth of six children and the youngest daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes.One of the last members of the Ptolemaic dynasty, she claimed title of Queen of Ptolemaic Egypt and co-rulership with her brother Ptolemy XIII in 48 BC – 47 BC in opposition to her sister or half-sister, Cleopatra VII.
The Deliverance of Arsinoe is a 1555–56 painting by Tintoretto, now in the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister in Dresden. It shows Arsinoe IV of Egypt fleeing from Alexandria after Julius Caesar arrived in the city in 48 BC and sided with Arsinoe's half-sister Cleopatra .
The siege of Alexandria was a series of skirmishes and battles occurring between the forces of Julius Caesar, Cleopatra VII, Arsinoe IV, and Ptolemy XIII, between 48 and 47 BC. During this time Caesar was engaged in a civil war against remaining Republican forces. The siege was lifted by relief forces arriving from Syria.
The former queen Arsinoe IV was marched through Rome as a prisoner and banished to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus. Later, after the death of Caesar, she was executed on the orders of Cleopatra and Mark Antony. [5] [verification needed]
Coin of Arsinoe II struck under the rule of her husband-brother Ptolemy II Philadelphus, including her main divine attributes: the ram's horn and the double cornucopia. She died in 270 or 268 BC and circumstantial evidence supports the latter date. [24] After her death, Ptolemy II established a cult of Arsinoe Philadelphus.
Arsinoe IV was forcefully paraded in Caesar's triumph in Rome, where she was the object of public sympathy, before being exiled to the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus. [104] [105] [106] Cleopatra was conspicuously absent from these events and resided in the palace, most likely because she was pregnant with Caesar's child (perhaps since September ...
This claim is rejected by scholars, based on the remains being impossible to identify as Arsinoe, the race of the remains being impossible to identify at all, the fact that the remains belonged to a child much younger than Arsinoe when she died, and the fact that Arsinoe and Cleopatra shared the same father, Ptolemy XII Auletes, but may have ...
She soon organized her own army and a civil war began in Egypt, while Arsinoe IV also began to claim the throne for herself. Rome was also enveloped in civil war, and after his defeat in the Battle of Pharsalus, Pompey sought asylum in Egypt. Initially, Pothinus pretended to have accepted his request, but on 29 September 48 BC, Pothinus had the ...