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Familial opposable triphalangeal thumb duplication is a limb malformation syndrome and a type of pre-axial polydactyly, characterized by having duplicated opposable triphalangeal thumbs. This condition can be a symptom of other genetic disorders, such as Holt–Oram syndrome and Fanconi anemia .
Triphalangeal thumb (TPT) is a congenital malformation where the thumb has three phalanges instead of two. The extra phalangeal bone can vary in size from that of a small pebble to a size comparable to the phalanges in non-thumb digits. The true incidence of the condition is unknown, but is estimated at 1:25,000 live births. [1]
Has two phalanges rather than three. However, recently there have been reports that the thumb, like other fingers, has three phalanges, but lacks a metacarpal bone. [3] Has greater breadth in the distal phalanx than in the proximal phalanx; Is attached to such a mobile metacarpus (which produces most of the opposability)
Brachydactyly type D, also known as short thumb, [3] [1] stub thumb, [5] [6] or clubbed thumb, [5] [6] is a genetic trait recognised by a thumb being relatively short and round with an accompanying wider nail bed. The distal phalanx of such thumbs is approximately two-thirds the length
The classification of ulnar polydactyly exists of either two or three types. The two-stage classification, according to Temtamy and McKusick, involves type A and B. In type A there is an extra little finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint, or more proximal including the carpometacarpal joint. The little finger can be hypoplastic or fully ...
The phalanges are the bones that make up the fingers of the hand and the toes of the foot. There are 56 phalanges in the human body, with fourteen on each hand and foot. Three phalanges are present on each finger and toe, with the exception of the thumb and big toe, which possess only two.
Tibial hemimelia-polysyndactyly-triphalangeal thumb syndrome is a rare genetic limb malformation syndrome which is characterized by thumb triphalangy, polysyndactyly of the hand and foot, and hypoplasia/aplasia of the tibia bone.
The peripheral metacarpals (those of the thumb and little finger) form the sides of the cup of the palmar gutter and as they are brought together they deepen this concavity. The index metacarpal is the most firmly fixed, while the thumb metacarpal articulates with the trapezium and acts independently from the others.