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β-Hydroxybutyric acid, also known as 3-hydroxybutyric acid or BHB, is an organic compound and a beta hydroxy acid with the chemical formula CH 3 CH(OH)CH 2 CO 2 H; its conjugate base is β-hydroxybutyrate, also known as 3-hydroxybutyrate. β-Hydroxybutyric acid is a chiral compound with two enantiomers: D-β-hydroxybutyric acid and L-β-hydroxybutyric acid.
Hydroxybutyric acid is a group of four-carbon organic compounds that have both hydroxyl and carboxylic acid functional groups. [1] They can be viewed as derivatives of butyric acid . The carboxylate anion and the esters of hydroxybutyric acids are known as hydroxybutyrates . β-hydroxybutyric acid is relevant to human health as it is a member ...
Ketone bodies are transported from the liver to other tissues, where acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate can be reconverted to acetyl-CoA to produce reducing equivalents (NADH and FADH 2), via the citric acid cycle. Though it is the source of ketone bodies, the liver cannot use them for energy because it lacks the enzyme thiophorase (β ...
[4] [3] Although, β-hydroxybutyrate is technically not a ketone due to the structure of the molecule (OH- attached to carbonyl group makes this an acid), β-HB acts like a ketone, providing the body with energy in the absence of glucose. [1] In fact, β-Hydroxybutyrate is the most abundant ketone-like molecule in the blood during ketosis. [5 ...
2-Hydroxybutyric acid, is a hydroxybutyric acid with the hydroxyl group on the carbon adjacent to the carboxyl. It is a chiral compound having two enantiomers, D-2-hydroxybutyric acid and L-2-hydroxybutyric acid. Its conjugate base is known as alpha-hydroxybutyrate and α-hydroxybutyrate.
Ketogenesis pathway. The three ketone bodies (acetoacetate, acetone, and beta-hydroxy-butyrate) are marked within orange boxes. Ketogenesis is the biochemical process through which organisms produce ketone bodies by breaking down fatty acids and ketogenic amino acids.
A PHA copolymer called PHBV (poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)) is less stiff and tougher, and it may be used as packaging material. In June 2005, US company Metabolix , Inc. received the US Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Award (small business category) for their development and commercialisation of a cost-effective method ...
β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid is a member of the carboxylic acid family of organic compounds. [50] It is a structural analog of butyric acid with a hydroxyl functional group and a methyl substituent located on its beta carbon. [50] [53] By extension, other structural analogs include β-hydroxybutyric acid and β-methylbutyric acid. [50] [53]