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As a practical definition, covert action is something of which the target is aware, but either does not know, or cannot prove, who is influencing political, military, scientific, or economic factors in the target country. Plausible deniability is another way to say that the sponsor cannot be proven. Clandestine actions, in contrast, are actions ...
The CIA's authority to conduct covert action comes from the National Security Act of 1947. [3] President Ronald Reagan issued Executive Order 12333 titled United States Intelligence Activities in 1984. This order defined covert action as "special activities", both political and military, that the US Government could legally deny.
In espionage, operatives under non-official cover (NOC) are operatives without official ties to the government for which they work who assume covert roles in organizations. This is in contrast to an operative with official cover, where they assume a position in their government, such as the diplomatic service , which provides them with ...
Two intelligence historians told Reuters that when the White House grants the CIA covert action authority, through an order known as a presidential finding, it often remains in place across ...
DeVine, Michael E. (June 14, 2019). "Covert Action and Clandestine Activities of the Intelligence Community: Selected Definitions in Brief". Congressional Research Service. Thomas Patrick Carroll, Government 139 (Class Notes) Syllabus Section 1 — Human Intelligence: From Sleepers to Walk-ins (PDF), California State University Sacramento
clandestine operation — An operation sponsored or conducted by governmental departments or agencies in such a way as to assure secrecy or concealment. See also covert operation; overt operation. (JP 3-05) The DOD Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms (January 2021) defines "clandestine" and "clandestine operation" the same way. [2]
It also led the CIA into a series of further coups in other countries, including Guatemala, where American clandestine action in 1954 installed a military dictator and sparked a 40-year civil war ...
Years of clandestine association with the adversary can have deep but subtle effects. Ethnic or religious ties in particular can run deep, even if the agent hates the government or organization they are turning against. Another result of lengthy prior clandestine service is that the agent may be hard to control.