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Centi-(symbol c) is a unit prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of one hundredth. Proposed in 1793, [ 1 ] and adopted in 1795, the prefix comes from the Latin centum , meaning "hundred" ( cf. century, cent, percent, centennial).
1 km 2 means one square kilometre, or the area of a square of 1000 m by 1000 m. In other words, an area of 1 000 000 square metres and not 1000 square metres. 2 Mm 3 means two cubic megametres, or the volume of two cubes of 1 000 000 m by 1 000 000 m by 1 000 000 m, i.e. 2 × 10 18 m 3, and not 2 000 000 cubic metres (2 × 10 6 m 3).
Numerical prefixes occur in 19th-, 20th-, and 21st-century coinages, mainly the terms that are used in relation to or that are the names of technological innovations, such as hexadecimal and bicycle. Also used in medals that commemorate an anniversary , such as sesquicentennial (150 years), centennial (100 years), or bicentennial (200 years).
For example 6.022 × 10 23 is written as 6.022E23 or 6.022e23, and 1.6 × 10 −35 is written as 1.6E-35 or 1.6e-35. While common in computer output, this abbreviated version of scientific notation is discouraged for published documents by some style guides. [2] [3]
The unit prefixes are always considered to be part of the unit, so that, e.g., in exponentiation, 1 km 2 means one square kilometre, not one thousand square metres, and 1 cm 3 means one cubic centimetre, not one hundredth of a cubic metre. In general, prefixes are used with any metric unit, but may also be used with non-metric units.
(exp x is also written as e x.) expi – cos + i sin function. (Also written as cis.) expm1 – exponential minus 1 function. (Also written as exp1m.) exp1m – exponential minus 1 function. (Also written as expm1.) Ext – Ext functor. ext – exterior. extr – a set of extreme points of a set.
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Thus, in the above example, after an increase and decrease of x = 10 percent, the final amount, $198, was 10% of 10%, or 1%, less than the initial amount of $200. The net change is the same for a decrease of x percent, followed by an increase of x percent; the final amount is p (1 - 0.01 x)(1 + 0.01 x) = p (1 − (0.01 x) 2).