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Machine learning and data mining often employ the same methods and overlap significantly, but while machine learning focuses on prediction, based on known properties learned from the training data, data mining focuses on the discovery of (previously) unknown properties in the data (this is the analysis step of knowledge discovery in databases).
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to machine learning: Machine learning – a subfield of soft computing within computer science that evolved from the study of pattern recognition and computational learning theory in artificial intelligence. [ 1 ] In 1959, Arthur Samuel defined machine learning as a "field of ...
Support-Vector Clustering [5] and other kernel methods [6] and unsupervised machine learning methods become widespread. [7] 2010s: Deep learning becomes feasible, which leads to machine learning becoming integral to many widely used software services and applications. Deep learning spurs huge advances in vision and text processing. 2020s
The term Deep Learning was introduced to the machine learning community by Rina Dechter in 1986, [ 13 ] and to artificial neural networks by Igor Aizenberg and colleagues in 2000, in the context of Boolean threshold neurons. [ 14 ][ 15 ] Although the history of its appearance is apparently more complicated.
These datasets are used in machine learning (ML) research and have been cited in peer-reviewed academic journals. Datasets are an integral part of the field of machine learning. Major advances in this field can result from advances in learning algorithms (such as deep learning), computer hardware, and, less-intuitively, the availability of high ...
Feature engineering in machine learning and statistical modeling involves selecting, creating, transforming, and extracting data features. Key components include feature creation from existing data, transforming and imputing missing or invalid features, reducing data dimensionality through methods like Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Independent Component Analysis (ICA), and Linear ...
v. t. e. In machine learning, a neural network (also artificial neural network or neural net, abbreviated ANN or NN) is a model inspired by the structure and function of biological neural networks in animal brains. [ 1 ][ 2 ] An ANN consists of connected units or nodes called artificial neurons, which loosely model the neurons in the brain.
e. Active learning is a special case of machine learning in which a learning algorithm can interactively query a human user (or some other information source), to label new data points with the desired outputs. The human user must possess knowledge/expertise in the problem domain, including the ability to consult/research authoritative sources ...