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An image from John Dalton's A New System of Chemical Philosophy, the first modern explanation of atomic theory.. This timeline of chemistry lists important works, discoveries, ideas, inventions, and experiments that significantly changed humanity's understanding of the modern science known as chemistry, defined as the scientific study of the composition of matter and of its interactions.
Robert Boyle FRS [2] (/ b ɔɪ l /; 25 January 1627 – 31 December 1691) was an Anglo-Irish [3] natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, alchemist and inventor. Boyle is largely regarded today as the first modern chemist, and therefore one of the founders of modern chemistry, and one of the pioneers of modern experimental scientific method.
The Scientific Revolution was a series of events that marked the emergence of modern science during the early modern period, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology (including human anatomy) and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The Scientific Revolution took place in Europe in the ...
The history of science during the Age of Enlightenment traces developments in science and technology during the Age of Reason, when Enlightenment ideas and ideals were being disseminated across Europe and North America. Generally, the period spans from the final days of the 16th- and 17th-century Scientific Revolution until roughly the 19th ...
John Maxson Stillman (1852-1923) was a pioneer of the history of science in the United States. [1] He was also the first head of the chemistry department at Stanford University, [2] as well as its first Chemistry Professor. [3] His most enduring work was the posthumously published book The Story of Early Chemistry, decades later republished as ...
Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. [1] It is a physical science within the natural sciences that studies the chemical elements that make up matter and compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions: their composition, structure, properties, behavior and the changes they undergo during reactions with other substances.
1920: Arthur Eddington: Stellar nucleosynthesis. 1922: Frederick Banting, Charles Best, James Collip, John Macleod: isolation and production of insulin to control diabetes. 1924: Wolfgang Pauli: quantum Pauli exclusion principle. 1924: Edwin Hubble: the discovery that the Milky Way is just one of many galaxies.
The experiments of Antoine Lavoisier (1743–1794), a French chemist regarded as the founder of modern chemistry, were among the first to be truly quantitative. Lavoisier showed that although matter changes its state in a chemical reaction, the quantity of matter is the same at the end as at the beginning of every chemical reaction.