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The history of Polish immigration to the United States can be divided into three stages, beginning with the first stage in the colonial era down to 1870, small numbers of Poles and Polish subjects came to America as individuals or in small family groups, and they quickly assimilated and did not form separate communities, with the exception of Panna Maria, Texas founded in the 1850s.
Several such societies were founded in Texas, largely by private planters, but in 1871, Texas funded immigration of Europeans through direct state aid (Texas Bureau of Immigration). The Waverly Emigration Society, formed in 1867 in Walker County, Texas , by several planters, dispatched Meyer Levy, a Polish Jew, to Poland to acquire roughly 150 ...
The town's identity as an insular Polish enclave was sealed by four factors: Bypassed by the railroads; Union in sympathy (Settlers were also unionist and were occasionally massacred in Texas during this period) Polish Resurrectionist priests arrived from Europe; A sisterhood of Polish teaching nuns was established
German Americans made up 7.3% of the population, and numbered at 199,789; Irish Americans also made up 7.3% of the population, and numbered at 199,294. Polish Americans now made up 6.7% of Chicago's population, and numbered at 182,064. [5] Polish is the fourth most widely spoken language in Chicago behind English, Spanish, and Mandarin. [6]
U.S. cities and communities with large Polish American populations are largely concentrated in the Upper Midwestern United States, Chicago metropolitan area and the New York metropolitan area, with Wisconsin accounting for the largest number of communities with large Polish populations.
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The area was settled sometime in the second half of the 19th century by Polish immigrants (most likely in the 1880s and the 1890s). The town population expanded and built more buildings. By the 1920s, the community had a church, one cotton gin, two schools, a blacksmith shop, and a general store.
(pol.)Góra Krzyżanowskiego, a peak named in honor of Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski. [1] Name given by Polish geographer Stefan Jarosz. [2](pol.) Jezioro Piłsudskiego, a lake on Kosciusko Island named in honor of Józef Piłsudski - Polish politician, First Marshall and Prime Minister.