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Hairy cell leukemia is an uncommon hematological malignancy characterized by an accumulation of abnormal B lymphocytes. [1] The incidence of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is 0.28-0.30 cases per 100,000 people in Europe and the United States and the prevalence is 3 cases per 100,000 in Europe with a lower prevalence in Asia, Africa and the Middle East.
IBM is often confused with an entirely different class of diseases, called hereditary inclusion body myopathies (hIBM). [4] [5] The "M" in hIBM is an abbreviation for "myopathy" while the "M" in IBM is for "myositis". [6] In IBM, two processes appear to occur in the muscles in parallel, one autoimmune and the other degenerative.
Moxetumomab pasudotox, sold under the brand name Lumoxiti, is an anti-CD22 immunotoxin medication for the treatment of adults with relapsed or refractory hairy cell leukemia (HCL) who have received at least two prior systemic therapies, including treatment with a purine nucleoside analog.
The myeloid cell line normally produces granulocytes, erythrocytes, thrombocytes, macrophages and mast cells; the lymphoid cell line produces B, T, NK and plasma cells. Lymphomas, lymphocytic leukemias, and myeloma are from the lymphoid line, while acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative diseases ...
There are rare cases of: 1) CLL/SLLs that convert into lymphoblastic lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, or a high grade T cell lymphoma [4] such as anaplastic large-cell lymphoma or angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma; [5] 2) CLL/SLLs that convert into acute myeloid leukemia; [6] 3) CLL/SLLs that convert into or develop non-hematological ...
The gene for annexin A1 (ANXA1) is upregulated in hairy cell leukemia. ANXA1 protein expression is specific to hairy cell leukemia. Detection of ANXA1 (by immunocytochemical means) reportedly provides a simple, highly sensitive, and specific assay for the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia. [12]
In the 1980s, HTLV-2 was identified in a patient with an unidentified T cell lymphoproliferative disease that was described as having characteristics similar to the B cell disorder, hairy cell leukemia. [10]
In immunology, immunoproliferative disorders are disorders of the immune system that are characterized by the abnormal proliferation of the primary cells of the immune system, which includes B cells, T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, or by the excessive production of immunoglobulins (also known as antibodies).