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When Napoleon was crowned emperor on 2 December 1804, the Consular Guard's Marine battalion consisted of 820 officers, non-commissioned officers and ratings. Napoleon integrated that battalion into the new Imperial Guard in 5 crews totalling 818 officers and men.
Their officers bore titles of rank derived from their seagoing compatriots, and the overall commander of the marines bore the rank of capitaine de vaisseau. Their duties including manning boats and other watercraft used by the Emperor. The Marines of the Imperial Guard wore blue vest and trousers piped aurore (orange-gold). They had aurore ...
The Imperial Guard was divided into a general staff and infantry, cavalry and artillery regiments as well as battalions of sappers and marines. It distinguished between experienced veterans and less experienced members by being separated into three sections: the Old Guard , Middle Guard and Young Guard .
Following the disbandment of the Imperial Guard, under the Restoration, separate marine artillery (Artillerie de Marine) and marine infantry (Infanterie de Marine) units were created as part of a reorganization between 1818 and 1822. These two corps were popularly known as « bigors » and « marsouins » respectively.
The Imperial Guard had its own train, which expanded as La Garde's artillery park was increased, albeit organised as regiments rather than battalions. At their zenith, in 1813–14, the Old Guard artillery was supported by a 12-company regiment while the Young Guard had a 16-company regiment, one for each of their component artillery batteries.
The Imperial Guard (Garde impériale) was one of the most elite military forces of its time, and grew out of the Consular Guard (Garde consulaire). [28] It formed a single Corps d'Armée with infantry, cavalry and artillery units like other corps, but with unique identities and uniforms.
On 9 November 1805 the title of Imperial Corps of Naval Artillery (Corps Impérial de l'Artillerie de la Marine) was granted. The stations of the regiments in 1805 was as follows: 1st regiment with four battalions in Brest, 2nd regiment with 1st battalion in Genoa, 2nd and 4th Battalions in Brest, 3rd and 5th Battalions at Toulon, 3rd Regiment ...
An imperial guard or palace guard is a special group of troops (or a member thereof) of an empire, typically closely associated directly with the emperor or empress. Usually these troops embody a more elite status than other imperial forces, including the regular armed forces , and maintain special rights, privileges and traditions.