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[clarification needed] The technology of CDMA was used in 1957, when the young military radio engineer Leonid Kupriyanovich in Moscow made an experimental model of a wearable automatic mobile phone, called LK-1 by him, with a base station. [8] LK-1 has a weight of 3 kg, 20–30 km operating distance, and 20–30 hours of battery life.
Collision Avoidance: if another node was heard, we wait for a period of time (usually random) for the node to stop transmitting before listening again for a free communications channel. Request to Send/Clear to Send (RTS/CTS) may optionally be used at this point to mediate access to the shared medium.
CDMA service suspended starting from 31 October 2017. BSNL India: CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A 800 Mar 2005: Mar 2016 [82] [83] [84] MTS India: CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B 800 Sep 2003: Nov 2017 [85] [86] [87] RCOM India: CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. A 800 May 2003: Jun 2016 [88] [89] Tata Docomo India: CDMA2000 1xRTT, EV-DO Rev. B 800 Nov 2002 ...
For example, user A and user B both try to access a quiet link at the same time. Since they detect a collision, user A waits for a random time between 0 and 1 time units and so does user B. Let's say user A chooses a lower back-off time. User A then begins to use the link and B allows it to finish sending its frame. If user A still has more to ...
In digital communications, a chip is a pulse of a direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) code, such as a pseudo-random noise (PN) code sequence used in direct-sequence code-division multiple access (CDMA) channel access techniques.
cdmaOne network structure. The IS-95 standards describe an air interface, [1] a set of protocols used between mobile units and the network. IS-95 is widely described as a three-layer stack, where L1 corresponds to the physical layer, L2 refers to the Media Access Control (MAC) and Link-Access Control (LAC) sublayers, and L3 to the call-processing state machine.
The Preferred Roaming List (PRL) is a database residing in a wireless (primarily CDMA) device, such as a cellphone, that contains information used during the system selection and acquisition process. In the case of R-UIM -based CDMA devices, the PRL resides on the R-UIM .
Road Transport. Nellore bus station of the city operates district and long-distance services. [9] Government is planning to demolish the present APSRTC bus stand and erect a new structure in couple of years, such that the new bus station will house commercial establishments, offices and multiplex and would generate internal revenues for RTC. [10]