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  2. Clique problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clique_problem

    The clique problem arises in the following real-world setting. Consider a social network, where the graph's vertices represent people, and the graph's edges represent mutual acquaintance. Then a clique represents a subset of people who all know each other, and algorithms for finding cliques can be used to discover these groups of mutual friends.

  3. List of NP-complete problems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_NP-complete_problems

    Graph homomorphism problem [3]: GT52 Graph partition into subgraphs of specific types (triangles, isomorphic subgraphs, Hamiltonian subgraphs, forests, perfect matchings) are known NP-complete. Partition into cliques is the same problem as coloring the complement of the given graph. A related problem is to find a partition that is optimal terms ...

  4. Problem structuring methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_structuring_methods

    In discussions of problem structuring methods, it is common to distinguish between two different types of situations that could be considered to be problems. [17] Rittel and Webber's distinction between tame problems and wicked problems (Rittel & Webber 1973) is a well known example of such types. [17]

  5. Social network analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network_analysis

    Social network analysis (SNA) is the process of investigating social structures through the use of networks and graph theory. [1] It characterizes networked structures in terms of nodes (individual actors, people, or things within the network) and the ties , edges , or links (relationships or interactions) that connect them.

  6. Social problem-solving - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_problem-solving

    Social problem-solving, in its most basic form, is defined as problem solving as it occurs in the natural environment. [1] More specifically it refers to the cognitive-behavioral process in which one works to find adaptive ways of coping with everyday situations that are considered problematic.

  7. Morphological analysis (problem-solving) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphological_analysis...

    As a problem-structuring and problem-solving technique, morphological analysis was designed for multi-dimensional, non-quantifiable problems where causal modelling and simulation do not function well, or at all.

  8. Trial and error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_and_error

    [This work also discusses Ashby's 1000-switch example; see §C1.2]. After all, it is part of Piagetian doctrine that children learn first by actively doing in a more-or-less random way, and then hopefully learn from the consequences — which all has a certain resemblance to Ashby's random "trial-and-error".

  9. And–or tree - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/And–or_tree

    A node N, labelled by a problem P, is a success node if there is a method of the form P if nothing (i.e., P is a "fact"). The node is a failure node if there is no method for solving P. If all of the children of a node N, conjoined by the same arc, are success nodes, then the node N is also a success node. Otherwise the node is a failure node.