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Dolomite and calcite look similar under a microscope, but thin sections can be etched and stained in order to identify the minerals. Photomicrograph of a thin section in cross and plane polarised light: the brighter mineral grains in the picture are dolomite, and the darker grains are calcite.
Dolomite (also known as dolomite rock, dolostone or dolomitic rock) is a sedimentary carbonate rock that contains a high percentage of the mineral dolomite, CaMg(CO 3) 2. It occurs widely, often in association with limestone and evaporites , though it is less abundant than limestone and rare in Cenozoic rock beds (beds less than about 66 ...
This is the most common form of dolomite found naturally and artificially from synthesis. [9] This dolomite, when formed in the oceans, can prove to be metastable. [9] The resultant structure of this mineral presents minimal differences from regular dolomite likely as a result of formation after initial crystal growth. [9]
Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3). It is a very common mineral, particularly as a component of limestone. Calcite defines hardness 3 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, based on scratch hardness comparison. Large calcite crystals are used in optical equipment, and limestone composed ...
The matrix is typically composed of argillaceous carbonate, such as clay ironstone, while the crack filling is usually calcite. [36] [34] The calcite often contains significant iron (ferroan calcite) and may have inclusions of pyrite and clay minerals. The brown calcite common in septaria may also be colored by organic compounds produced by ...
Construction marble is a stone which is composed of calcite, dolomite or serpentine that is capable of taking a polish. [20] More generally in construction, specifically the dimension stone trade, the term marble is used for any crystalline calcitic rock (and some non-calcitic rocks) useful as building stone.
Dolomite is a double carbonate, with the formula CaMg(CO 3) 2. Secondary dolomitization of limestone is common, in which calcite or aragonite are converted to dolomite; this reaction increases pore space (the unit cell volume of dolomite is 88% that of calcite), which can create a reservoir for oil and gas.
This etches away the calcite and aragonite, leaving behind any silica or dolomite grains. The latter can be identified by their rhombohedral shape. [9] Crystals of calcite, quartz, dolomite or barite may line small cavities in the rock. Vugs are a form of secondary porosity, formed in existing limestone by a change in environment that increases ...
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