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Oval and other shaped fibers are generally more wavy or curly. The cuticle is the outer covering. Its complex structure slides as the hair swells and is covered with a single molecular layer of lipid that makes the hair repel water. [7] The diameter of human hair varies from 0.017 to 0.18 millimeters (0.00067 to 0.00709 in). [10]
The structure, consisting of hair, hair follicles, arrector pili muscles, and sebaceous glands, is an epidermal invagination known as a pilosebaceous unit. [ 4 ] Sebaceous glands are also found in hairless areas ( glabrous skin ) of the eyelids , nose , penis , labia minora , the inner mucosal membrane of the cheek , and nipples . [ 4 ]
In mammalian outer hair cells, the varying receptor potential is converted to active vibrations of the cell body. This mechanical response to electrical signals is termed somatic electromotility; [13] it drives variations in the cell's length, synchronized to the incoming sound signal, and provides mechanical amplification by feedback to the traveling wave.
The horns of the impala are made of keratin covering a core of bone. Alpha-keratins (α-keratins) are found in all vertebrates. They form the hair (including wool), the outer layer of skin, horns, nails, claws and hooves of mammals, and the slime threads of hagfish. [4] The baleen plates of filter-feeding whales are also made of keratin.
The process of hair growth occurs in distinct sequential stages: anagen is the active growth phase, catagen is the regression of the hair follicle phase, telogen is the resting stage, exogen is the active shedding of hair phase and kenogen is the phase between the empty hair follicle and the growth of new hair. [1] The function of hair in ...
Originating from the embryonic epidermis, the hair follicle evolves into one of the most complex structures in the human body, comprising 7–8 distinct tissue sections. [1] The base of the hair follicle contains the bulb, housing dermal fibroblasts known as the dermal papilla, crucial for morphogenesis and the hair follicle's cyclic activity ...
Alpha-keratin, or α-keratin, is a type of keratin found in mammalian vertebrates.This protein is the primary component in hairs, horns, claws, nails and the epidermis layer of the skin. α-keratin is a fibrous structural protein, meaning it is made up of amino acids that form a repeating secondary structure.
The human TCHH is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 1 at region 2 band 1 sub-band 3 (1q21.3), from base pair 152,105,403 to base pair 152,116,368 . [8] This region in chromosome 1q21 is known as the epidermal differentiation complex , since it harbors over fifty other genes involved in keratinocyte differentiation.