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The first Urdu translation of the Kural text was by Hazrat Suhrawardy, a professor of Urdu Department of Jamal Mohammad College, Tiruchirappalli. [1] It was published by Sahitya Academy in 1965, with a reprint in 1994. The translation is in prose and is not a direct translation from Tamil but based on English translations of the original.
By the turn of the twenty-first century, the Kural had already been translated to more than 37 world languages, [15] with at least 24 complete translations in English language alone, by both native and non-native scholars. By 2014, the Kural had been translated to more than 42 languages, with 57 versions available in English.
With a highly compressed prosodic form, the Kural text employs the intricately complex Kural venba metre, known for its eminent suitability to gnomic poetry. [219] This form, which Zvelebil calls "a marvel of brevity and condensation," is closely connected with the structural properties of the Tamil language and has historically presented ...
Tirukkural Mulamum Uraiyum with English Translation: Madras: 19: 1935: C. Rajagopalachari: Kural, The Great Book of Tiruvalluvar: Madras (Rochouse and Sons Ltd.) Prose: Selections: Translated only select couplets from Books I and II. Reprints in 1937, 1965, and 1973 20: 1942: M. S. Purnalingam Pillai: The Kural in English: Tirunelveli (Sri ...
The Kural is one of the most important forms of classical Tamil language poetry. It is a very short poetic form being an independent couplet complete in 2 lines, the first line consisting of 4 words and the second line consisting of 3.
The Book of Porul is the second most translated book of the Kural literature after the Book of Aram, and most of the translators of the Kural text have translated the Book of Porul. Some of the earliest translations include those by Father Beschi, Karl Graul, and E. S. Ariel. Beschi translated the book into Latin as "rerum proprietates".
Of the three books of the Kural text, the Book of Aṟam remains the most translated one by scholars and writers and also the most widely interpreted one. [41] Serving as a manual of precepts to exclusively teach dharma for millennia, [ 2 ] the Book of Aṟam has influenced many of its readers to pursue the path of non-violence.
The Oxford English-Urdu Dictionary is a translation of the eighth and ninth editions of the Concise Oxford English Dictionary. [ 1 ] One of his personal friends was the former Chairman of Pakistan Academy of Letters and National Language Authority , Iftikhar Arif , who remembers him fondly.