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Starting in 1990, by 1999, chromosome 22 became the first human chromosome to be completely sequenced. Computational biology refers to the use of data analysis, mathematical modeling and computational simulations to understand biological systems and relationships. [ 1] An intersection of computer science, biology, and big data, the field also ...
Bioinformatics tools aid in comparing, analyzing and interpreting genetic and genomic data and more generally in the understanding of evolutionary aspects of molecular biology. At a more integrative level, it helps analyze and catalogue the biological pathways and networks that are an important part of systems biology.
Biological computers use biologically derived molecules — such as DNA and/or proteins — to perform digital or real computations . The development of biocomputers has been made possible by the expanding new science of nanobiotechnology. The term nanobiotechnology can be defined in multiple ways; in a more general sense, nanobiotechnology can ...
Complex systems. Systems biology is the computational and mathematical analysis and modeling of complex biological systems. It is a biology -based interdisciplinary field of study that focuses on complex interactions within biological systems, using a holistic approach ( holism instead of the more traditional reductionism) to biological research.
Artificial life. Artificial life ( ALife or A-Life) is a field of study wherein researchers examine systems related to natural life, its processes, and its evolution, through the use of simulations with computer models, robotics, and biochemistry. [ 1] The discipline was named by Christopher Langton, an American theoretical biologist, in 1986. [ 2]
A biological computer refers to an engineered biological system that can perform computer-like operations, which is a dominant paradigm in synthetic biology. Researchers built and characterized a variety of logic gates in a number of organisms, [ 107 ] and demonstrated both analog and digital computation in living cells.
Artificial general intelligence (AGI) is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that matches or surpasses human capabilities across a wide range of cognitive tasks. [1] This is in contrast to narrow AI, which is designed for specific tasks. [2]
v. t. e. A digital organism is a self-replicating computer program that mutates and evolves. Digital organisms are used as a tool to study the dynamics of Darwinian evolution, and to test or verify specific hypotheses or mathematical models of evolution. The study of digital organisms is closely related to the area of artificial life .