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  2. History of fluid mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_fluid_mechanics

    The history of fluid mechanics is a fundamental strand of the history of physics and engineering. The study of the movement of fluids (liquids and gases) and the forces that act upon them dates back to pre-history. The field has undergone a continuous evolution, driven by human dependence on water, meteorological conditions and internal ...

  3. Piezoelectricity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piezoelectricity

    Piezoelectric balance presented by Pierre Curie to Lord Kelvin, Hunterian Museum, Glasgow. Piezoelectricity (/ ˌ p iː z oʊ-, ˌ p iː t s oʊ-, p aɪ ˌ iː z oʊ-/, US: / p i ˌ eɪ z oʊ-, p i ˌ eɪ t s oʊ-/) [1] is the electric charge that accumulates in certain solid materials—such as crystals, certain ceramics, and biological matter such as bone, DNA, and various proteins—in ...

  4. Formation of rocks - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formation_of_rocks

    Sedimentary rocks are formed through the gradual accumulation of sediments: for example, sand on a beach or mud on a river bed. As the sediments are buried they get compacted as more and more material is deposited on top. Eventually the sediments will become so dense that they would essentially form a rock. This process is known as lithification.

  5. Earth's crust - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth's_crust

    Earth's crust is its thick outer shell of rock, referring to less than one percent of the planet's radius and volume. It is the top component of the lithosphere, a solidified division of Earth's layers that includes the crust and the upper part of the mantle. [ 1] The lithosphere is broken into tectonic plates whose motion allows heat to escape ...

  6. Rock (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_(geology)

    In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its chemical composition, and the way in which it is formed. Rocks form the Earth's outer solid layer, the crust, and most of its interior, except for the liquid outer core and pockets of ...

  7. Decoupage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decoupage

    Decoupage or découpage ( / ˌdeɪkuːˈpɑːʒ /; [ 1] French: [dekupaʒ]) is the art of decorating an object by gluing colored paper cutouts onto it in combination with special paint effects, gold leaf, and other decorative elements. Commonly, an object like a small box or an item of furniture is covered by cutouts from magazines or from ...

  8. History of materials science - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_materials_science

    History of materials science. Materials science has shaped the development of civilizations since the dawn of humankind. Better materials for tools and weapons has allowed people to spread and conquer, and advancements in material processing like steel and aluminum production continue to impact society today. Historians have regarded materials ...

  9. Sintering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sintering

    The GB tension can also be thought of as the attractive forces between the atoms at the surface and the tension between these atoms is due to the fact that there is a larger interatomic distance between them at the surface compared to the bulk (i.e. surface tension). When the surface area becomes bigger the bonds stretch more and the GB tension ...