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A pediatric concussion can lead to an immediate or delayed onset of symptoms. [12] Immediate onset of symptoms includes physical impacts, such as dizziness, headache, anterograde or retrograde amnesia, loss of consciousness, vomiting and more. [1] Delayed onset of symptoms may occur a few hours or days after the injury.
A diagnosis may be made when symptoms resulting from concussion last for more than three months after the injury. [8] [9] [6] Loss of consciousness is not required for a diagnosis of concussion or post-concussion syndrome. [10]
[1] [9] Concussion should be suspected if a person indirectly or directly hits their head and experiences any of the symptoms of concussion. [9] Symptoms of a concussion may be delayed by 1–2 days after the accident. It is not unusual for symptoms to last 2 weeks in adults and 4 weeks in children.
What one dad learned from his daughter's head injury.
Second-impact syndrome (SIS) occurs when the brain swells rapidly, and catastrophically, after a person has a second concussion before symptoms from an earlier one have subsided. This second blow may occur minutes, days, or weeks after an initial concussion, [1] and even the mildest grade of concussion can lead to second impact syndrome. [2]
1–24 hours – the injury is moderate in severity and full recovery is expected. The patient may experience some minor post-concussive symptoms (e.g. headaches, dizziness). 1–7 days – the injury is severe, and recovery may take weeks to months.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI, physical trauma to the brain) can cause a variety of complications, health effects that are not TBI themselves but that result from it. The risk of complications increases with the severity of the trauma; [1] however even mild traumatic brain injury can result in disabilities that interfere with social interactions, employment, and everyday living. [2]
In emergency medicine, the golden hour is the period of time immediately after a traumatic injury during which there is the highest likelihood that prompt medical and surgical treatment will prevent death. [1] [2] While initially defined as an hour, the exact time period depends on the nature of the injury and can be more than or less than this ...