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Historically, pilot reports were the only method of observing the location and intensity of turbulence. Because traditional pilot reports are subjective and limited in temporal and spatial ...
A pilot report or PIREP is a report of actual flight or ground conditions encountered by an aircraft. Reports commonly include information about atmospheric conditions (like temperature , icing , turbulence ) or airport conditions (like runway condition codes or ground equipment failures).
Established in 1987, the Center for Turbulence Research is devoted to fundamental studies of turbulent flows. The main elements of the Center are a research fellows program, a biennial summer program, seminars and conferences. [2] CTR is known for fundamental studies in turbulent flows along with large scale numerical investigations. [3] [4] [5]
WHAT IS TURBULENCE? Turbulence or pockets of disturbed air can have many causes, most obviously the unstable weather patterns that trigger storms, according to an industry briefing by planemaker ...
Torn apart by turbulence 1930-07-23 Meopham air disaster: Meopham, Kent: Junkers F.13: Overload/metal fatigue 6 Tailplane weakened by turbulence and flutter: 1933-10-10 United Airlines Chesterton Crash: Indiana, United States Boeing 247: Bombing 7 Explosion severed tail section 1935-02-12 Loss of USS Macon: off California, United States
In fluid dynamics, turbulence modeling is the construction and use of a mathematical model to predict the effects of turbulence. Turbulent flows are commonplace in most real-life scenarios. In spite of decades of research, there is no analytical theory to predict the evolution of these turbulent flows.
This complements radar and satellite data and only provides information that is useful for short-term (up to four hours before launch or landing) but not long-term forecasting. Aerial reconnaissance often provides a more accurate assessment of weather conditions than radar or satellite imagery.
This is an important area of research in this field, and a major goal of the modern theory of turbulence is to understand what is universal in the inertial range, and how to deduce intermittency properties from the Navier-Stokes equations, i.e. from first principles.