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Loperamide, sold under the brand name Imodium, among others, [1] is a medication of the opioid receptor agonist class used to decrease the frequency of diarrhea. [5] [4] It is often used for this purpose in irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, short bowel syndrome, [4] Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. [5]
By binding to μ-opioid receptors, loperamide inhibits acetylcholine release and decreases excitation of neurons in the myenteric plexus, which leads to a decrease in peristalsis. [4] Decreasing intestinal motility prolongs the transit time of food content through the digestive tract, which allows for more fluid absorption; thereby alleviating ...
It contains loperamide and simethicone. Loperamide is a μ-opioid receptor agonist that works in the intestines. [1] Although it is an opioid, it has no effects on the central nervous system. It reduces diarrhea by slowing the transit time of contents through the intestinal tract thereby allowing more water to be reabsorbed from the intestinal ...
In one clinical trial with patients who had prior experience with older hypnotics temazepam and nitrazepam, most preferred lormetazepam due to less heavy sedation, amnesia, and residual effects. [8] Some side effects, including drowsiness, amnesia, and respiratory depression, are increased when lormetazepam is combined with other drugs with ...
For example, most opioids cause sedation when given at a sufficiently high dose, but peripherally selective opioids can act on the rest of the body without entering the brain and are less likely to cause sedation. [1] These peripherally selective opioids can be used as antidiarrheals, for instance loperamide (Imodium). [2]
This enables loperamide to be used to the same benefit as other opioid drugs but without the CNS side effects or potential for abuse. Octreotide (somatostatin analogue) may be used in hospitalized patients to treat secretory diarrhea.
Here are links to possibly useful sources of information about Loperamide. PubMed provides review articles from the past five years (limit to free review articles) The TRIP database provides clinical publications about evidence-based medicine. Other potential sources include: Centre for Reviews and Dissemination and CDC
Its effects last for about four to six hours. Codeine exhibits abuse potential similar to other opioid medications, including a risk of addiction and overdose. [4] Common side effects include vomiting, constipation, itchiness, lightheadedness, and drowsiness. [4] Serious side effects may include breathing difficulties and addiction. [4]
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