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Many women telegraph operators were strong supporters of women's rights, including suffrage and equal pay for equal work. Sarah Bagley became a telegraph operator in 1846 after forming the Lowell Female Labor Reform Association to support better working conditions for the women who worked in the textile mills of Lowell, Massachusetts .
The telegraph represented a disruptive innovation in the history of the United States from its invention in the 1830s onward by quickly becoming a vital part of the nation's communication infrastructure. Its relative importance declined with the spread of telephones in the 20th century.
The shortage of men to work as telegraph operators in the American Civil War opened up the opportunity for women of a well-paid skilled job. [76]: 274 In the UK, there was widespread employment of women as telegraph operators even earlier – from the 1850s by all the major companies. The attraction of women for the telegraph companies was that ...
In January 1878, the Boston Telephone Dispatch Company had started hiring boys as telephone operators, starting with George Willard Croy. [5] Boys (reportedly including Nutt's husband [2]) had been very successful as telegraphy operators, but their attitude (lack of patience) and behavior (pranks and cursing) were unacceptable for live phone contact, [6] so the company began hiring women ...
The earliest machine for sending pictures by telegraph is credited to Scottish inventor Alexander Bain in 1848. He patented an earlier unbuilt design in 1843. [28] Frederick C. Bakewell demonstrated another fax machine with an improved design at the Great Exhibition in 1851. [29] Bain also invented a chemical printing telegraph.
The electric telegraph led to Guglielmo Marconi's invention of wireless telegraphy, the first means of radiowave telecommunication, which he began in 1894. [ 5 ] In the early 20th century, manual operation of telegraph machines was slowly replaced by teleprinter networks.
The patented invention proved lucrative and by 1851 telegraph lines in the United States spanned over 20,000 miles (32,000 kilometres). [13] Morse's most important technical contribution to this telegraph was the simple and highly efficient Morse Code , co-developed with Vail, which was an important advance over Wheatstone's more complicated ...
Efforts to find a way to transmit telegraph signals without wires grew out of the success of electric telegraph networks, the first instant telecommunication systems. [23] Developed beginning in the 1830s, a telegraph line was a person-to-person text message system consisting of multiple telegraph offices linked by an overhead wire supported on ...