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  2. Just war theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just_war_theory

    Aristotle argues that the cultivation of a military is necessary and good for the purpose of self-defense, not for conquering: "The proper object of practising military training is not in order that men may enslave those who do not deserve slavery, but in order that first they may themselves avoid becoming enslaved to others" (Politics, Book 7).

  3. Problem of future contingents - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_of_future_contingents

    What exactly al-Farabi posited on the question of future contingents is contentious. Nicholas Rescher argues that al-Farabi's position is that the truth value of future contingents is already distributed in an "indefinite way", whereas Fritz Zimmerman argues that al-Farabi endorsed Aristotle's solution that the truth value of future contingents has not been distributed yet. [3]

  4. Potentiality and actuality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potentiality_and_actuality

    This is an aspect of Aristotle's theory of four causes and specifically of formal cause (eidos, which Aristotle says is energeia [25]) and final cause (telos). In essence this means that Aristotle did not see things as matter in motion only, but also proposed that all things have their own aims or ends.

  5. Aristotle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle

    Aristotle [A] (Attic Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης, romanized: Aristotélēs; [B] 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath.His writings cover a broad range of subjects spanning the natural sciences, philosophy, linguistics, economics, politics, psychology, and the arts.

  6. Works of Aristotle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Works_of_Aristotle

    The works of Aristotle, sometimes referred to by modern scholars with the Latin phrase Corpus Aristotelicum, is the collection of Aristotle's works that have survived from antiquity. According to a distinction that originates with Aristotle himself, [citation needed] his writings are divisible into two groups: the "exoteric" and the "esoteric". [1]

  7. Aristotelian ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotelian_ethics

    Aristotle's son was the next leader of Aristotle's school, the Lyceum, and in ancient times he was already associated with this work. [ 5 ] A fourth treatise, Aristotle's Politics , is often regarded as the sequel to the Ethics, in part because Aristotle closes the Nicomachean Ethics by saying that his ethical inquiry has laid the groundwork ...

  8. Self-defence in international law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-defence_in...

    The drafters’ intent was that collective force approved and organized by the Security Council would substitute for unilateral uses of force by states. [1] However, some states were concerned that use of the veto power by one of the Council's permanent members might prevent that body from taking necessary action, and they insisted upon inserting into the Charter an explicit right of self defense.

  9. Free will in antiquity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_will_in_antiquity

    Furley argues for a strong connection between the ideas of Aristotle and Epicurus on autonomous actions that are "up to us". If we now put together the introduction to Lucretius' passage on voluntas and Aristotle's theory of the voluntary, we can see how the swerve of atoms was supposed to do its work. Aristotle's criterion of the voluntary was ...