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  2. Common descent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_descent

    The genetic code (the "translation table" according to which DNA information is translated into amino acids, and hence proteins) is nearly identical for all known lifeforms, from bacteria and archaea to animals and plants. The universality of this code is generally regarded by biologists as definitive evidence in favor of universal common descent.

  3. Evidence of common descent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence_of_common_descent

    With the growth in human habitats, different animals have adapted to survive within these urban environments. These types of environments can exert selection pressures on organisms, often leading to new adaptations. For example, the weed Crepis sancta, found in France, has two types of seed, heavy and fluffy. The heavy ones land nearby to the ...

  4. Hybrid (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_(biology)

    A mule is a sterile hybrid of a male donkey and a female horse.Mules are smaller than horses but stronger than donkeys, making them useful as pack animals.. In biology, a hybrid is the offspring resulting from combining the qualities of two organisms of different varieties, subspecies, species or genera through sexual reproduction.

  5. Pan (genus) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_(genus)

    By the end of the 19th century, chimpanzees remained very much a mystery to humans, with very little factual scientific information available. [citation needed] In the 20th century, a new age of scientific research into chimpanzee behaviour began. Before 1960, almost nothing was known about chimpanzee behaviour in their natural habitats.

  6. List of examples of convergent evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_examples_of...

    Palorchestes, a genus of the extinct marsupial family Palorchestidae, which are closely related to wombats and koalas in the suborder Vombatiformes, was nicknamed the "marsupial tapir" due to the shape of the animal's nasal bones, which was presumed that they possessed a short proboscis, [63] like those of placental tapirs today.

  7. Homology (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homology_(biology)

    The term "homology" was first used in biology by the anatomist Richard Owen in 1843 when studying the similarities of vertebrate fins and limbs, defining it as the "same organ in different animals under every variety of form and function", [6] and contrasting it with the matching term "analogy" which he used to describe different structures ...

  8. List of genetic hybrids - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_genetic_hybrids

    This is a list of genetic hybrids which is limited to well documented cases of animals of differing species able to create hybrid offspring which may or may not be infertile. Hybrids should not be confused with genetic chimeras , such as that between sheep and goat known as the geep .

  9. Genetic diversity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_diversity

    A graphical representation of the typical human karyotype.. Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species. It ranges widely, from the number of species to differences within species, and can be correlated to the span of survival for a species. [1]